Module Six Flashcards
What are the three approaches to the study of personality?
- Biological Theories
- Trait Theories
- Interactionist Theories
What is the biological theory of approach to personality
Emphasis is on the person through a mind and body connection that links personality with biological processes
What is the trait theory approach to personality
Emphasis is on the person, which is relatively stable and highly consistent
What is the Interactionist theory of approach to personality
Emphasis is on the interaction between the person and environment
What is the constitutional theory?
A biological theory by William Sheldon stating that certain somatotypes predispose individuals toward behaviour consistency consisting of endomorphs, ectomorphs, and mesomorphs
What are ectomorphs?
Linear, tall, and lean. Cerebrotonia personality (tense, introvert, inhibited, and socially restrained)
What are endomorphs?
Plump and round. Viscerotonia personality (affectionate, sociable, relaxed, and cheerful)
What are mesomorphs
Inverted, triangle shaped, athletic bodies. somatotonic personality (adventurous, risk taking, aggressiveC and likes to change)
What is the PEN Personality Theory?
Trait theory of personality by Hans Eysenck that is broken down into psychoticism-superego, extraversion-introversion, and neuroticism-stability
What is psychoticism-Superego?
Hormonal function (androgen, testosterone, and low serotonin) leads to heightened aggressiveness, impersonal attitudes and antisocial/inhibited behaviour
What is personality?
Overall organization of our psychological characteristics; an individual’s unique, but consistent psychological makeup
What is extroversion-introversion?
Base level arousal in cortex dictated whether or not individuals avoid further stimulation (introverts) or seek our further stimulation (extroverts)
What is neuroticism-stability?
Associated with limbic system and sympathetic nervous system. High neurotic individuals (enduring negative emotional states) have longer laying autonomic reactions than low neurotic individuals
What does OCEAN stand for?
- Openness to experience
- Conscientiousness
- Extraversion
- Agreeableness
- Neuroticism
Personality research in sport and exercise psychology examines:
- Risk taking and sensation
- Competitiveness
- Perfectionism
- Mental Toughness
- Exercise Behaviour
