MODULE 9 - ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

Question 1

The immediate consequence of transport activities on the environment where the cause and effect relationship are generally clear and well understood.

Answer 1

DIRECT IMPACTS

Question 2

The secondary (or tertiary) effects of transport activities on environmental systems.

Answer 2

INDIRECT IMPACTS

Question 3

The additive, multiplicative, or synergetic consequences of transport activities.

Answer 3

CUMULATIVE IMPACTS

Question 4

The greenhouse effect is a fundamental component of regulating the global climate and is a naturally occurring process that partially retains heat in the earth’s atmosphere

Answer 4

CLIMATE CHANGE

Question 5

Highway vehicles, marine engines, locomotives, and aircraft are sources of pollution in the form of gas and particulate matter emissions.

Answer 5

AIR QUALITY

Question 6

is a mixture of solid and liquid fog and smoke particles formed through the accumulation of carbon monoxide, ozone, hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxide, water, particulates, and other chemical pollutants.

Answer 6

SMOG

Question 7

represents the general effect of irregular and chaotic sounds on people as well as animal life.

Answer 7

NOISE

Question 8

Fuel, chemicals, and other hazardous particulates discarded from aircraft, cars, trucks, and trains or port and airport terminal operations can contaminate hydrographic systems.

Answer 8

WATER QUALITY

Question 9

Soil contamination can occur through the use of toxic materials by the transport industry. Fuel and oil spills from motor vehicles are washed on roadsides and enter the soil.

Answer 9

SOIL QUALITY

Question 10

The need for construction materials and the development of land-based transportation have led to deforestation.

Answer 10

BIODIVERSITY