Module 9

Question 1

What is immunology?

Answer 1

Question 2

How does your body react to microbes?

Answer 2

Question 3

Compare innate vs adaptive immunology

Answer 3

Question 4

What are the physical defences of innate immunity

Answer 4

Question 5

What are chemical defences of innate immunity

Answer 5

Question 6

Describe the complement system of innate immunity

Answer 6

Enzymes create MAC by ‘drilling’ a hole in the membrane skewing the osmotic gradient and killling bacteria
Can be activated by antibody-antigen complex classical pathway (adaptive) or mannose-binding lectin pathway (innate)
-opsonization is the coating of the target that makes the immune system easier to react

Question 7

What are cytokines and chemokines and their functions

Answer 7

Question 8

What are interferons and their function

Answer 8

Question 9

What organs are involved in immunity

Answer 9

Question 10

What are the cell types involved in innate immunity

Answer 10

Derived from pluripotent hemtopoietic stem cells (HSCs)
-Erythrocytes (red blood cells)
-Leukocytes (white blood cells)
-Platelets

Granulocytes
-Can be stained
-Toxins and enzymes
-Destroys their targets

Question 11

What are the roles of the cell types in innate immunity

Answer 11

Question 12

Describe phagocytosis in innate immunity

Answer 12

Question 13

How are pathogens recognized in innate immunity

Answer 13

Question 14

How are microbes killed without phagocytosis

Answer 14

Question 15

Describe inflammation

Answer 15

Question 16

Describe fever

Answer 16

Question 17

What is adaptive immunity

Answer 17

Question 18

What are antigens and immunogens?

Answer 18

Question 19

What are epitopes?

Answer 19

Question 20

What are antibodies?

Answer 20

Question 21

What are the immunoglobulin classes

Answer 21

Question 22

Explain the major histocompatibility complex (MHC)

Answer 22

Question 23

Explain antigen presentation

Answer 23

Question 24

Describe cell-mediated aquired immunity

Answer 24

Question 25

Explain T cell selection

Answer 25

Question 26

What are the T cell classes

Answer 26

Question 27

What are T cell receptors

Answer 27

Question 28

What are helper T cells and their subtypes

Answer 28

Question 29

What are cytotoxic T cells

Answer 29

Question 30

Explain B cell selection and the production of antibodies

Answer 30

Question 31

Explain T-cell independent production of antibodies

Answer 31

Question 32

Explain T-cell dependent production of antibodies

Answer 32

Question 33

What are the different types of vaccines and their effects

Answer 33