Module 10

Question 1

What is epidemiology and public health

Answer 1

Question 2

What is mortality, morbidity and DALY

Answer 2

Question 3

What is incidence and prevalence

Answer 3

Question 4

What are the different patterns of incidence

Answer 4

Question 5

What is herd immunity

Answer 5

Question 6

What is basic reproduction number (Ro)

Answer 6

above 1 becomes alarming

Question 7

What is the scope and stages of disease

Answer 7

Question 8

What are the types of epidemics

Answer 8

Question 9

What are the modes of disease transmission

Answer 9

Question 10

What are carriers

Answer 10

• Pathogen-infected individuals showing no signs of clinical disease
• Potential sources of infections
• May be individuals in the incubation period of the disease
• Can be identified using diagnostic techniques, including culture and
  immunoassays
• Typhoid Mary is an example of a carrier

Question 11

Describe the host community

Answer 11

Question 12

What are reservoirs and zoonosis

Answer 12

Question 13

What are the lab classifications according to their biosafetly level (BSL)

Answer 13

Question 14

Describe the workflow for clinical identification of microorganisms

Answer 14

Question 15

Describe how pathogens can be collected from different sites

Answer 15

Question 16

What are the 4 ways to identify microorganisms

Answer 16

-Microscopy
-Culture
-Biochemical tests
-Molecular tests

Question 17

Describe how to identify microorganisms by culturing

Answer 17

Question 18

Describe how biochemical tests are used to identify microorganisms

Answer 18

Question 19

Describe how molecular tests (PCR) are used to identify microorganisms

Answer 19

Question 20

How can Neisseria gonnorhoeae can be identified

Answer 20

Question 21

How are immunoassays used for infectious diseases

Answer 21

Question 22

What is a precipitation reaction

Answer 22

Question 23

What are direct agglutionation tests

Answer 23

Question 24

What are passive (indirect) agglutination tests

Answer 24

Question 25

What are neutralization tests

Answer 25

Question 26

What is immunofluorescence

Answer 26

Question 27

What are direct and indirect enzyme immunoassays (EIAs)

Answer 27

Question 28

What are rapid immunological tests

Answer 28

Question 29

What are western blots

Answer 29

Question 30

What is genomics

Answer 30

Question 31

What are the three generations of DNA sequencing technology

Answer 31

Question 32

Describe the sanger DNA sequencing method

Answer 32

Question 33

Describe the nanopore minion

Answer 33

Question 34

What is annotation and bioinformatics

Answer 34

Question 35

What is transcriptomics and microarrays

Answer 35

Information derived from microarrays: -Global gene expression * Expression of specific groups of genes under different conditions * Expression of genes with unknown function; can yield clues to possible roles * Comparison of gene content in closely related organisms * Identification of specific organisms

Question 36

Describe RNA-sequencing in transcriptomics

Answer 36

Question 37

Describe proteomics

Answer 37

Question 38

Describe metabolomics

Answer 38