Module 8.2 Flashcards
CH 19 & 20
having an attitude and genuine interest in seeking a client’s perspective
Active Listening
can be answered in one word, yes or no questions
closed-ended (directive) questions
allow clients to give more information when answer questions
open-ended (nondirective) questions
repeating back to the client the meaning of what was just heard
reflecting
series of reflections to show the depth of listening
summarizing
nonverbal communications can be seen by
body language, gestures, postures, and position and facial expression
how does the verbal communication work?
what the speaker means
what the speakers say
what the listener hears
what the listener think that speakers mean
how do you enhance communication between you and the client?
- use good body language
- explain important policies, procedures, and expectations to clients
- be sensitive to the client’s feelings
- greet clients with a smile, and handshake
What do SMART goals stand for?
specific measurable attainable realistic timely
What does specifically mean in smart goals?
the goal must be clear enough that everyone can understand it the intended outcome
what does measurable mean in smart goals?
goal should be quantifiable. If not, client cannot manage it
what does attainable mean in smart goals?
challenging but not extreme
what does realistic mean in smart goals?
the client is able/wiling to be able to work towards
what does timely mean in smart goals?
the specific date of complete, not too far in the future.
What are the stages of change?
Precontemplation Contemplation Preparation Action Maintenance
What is a person like in precontemplation?
they are not ready for change, do not even go to the gym or have no intentions. PT will rarely get these types of people at the gym.
what is a person like in contemplation?
person does not exercise, they are thinking about becoming more active in the next 6 months
what is a person like in preparation?
they are planning to regularly exercise in the next month but they have unrealistic expectations & early dropout
what is the person in action like?
started but have not hit maintenance for 6 months
what is the person in maintenance like
have been exercising for 6 months or more
what kind of support are there?
instrumental support
emotional support
informational support
companionship support
what should PT do with clients in the pre-contemplation, contemplation stage?
education and develop motivational programs
what should PT do with clients in the action stage?
eduction and redesign of the program if necessary.
what should PT do with clients in the preparation stage?
clarify goals and expectations
build social network
what should PT do with clients in the maintenance stage?
changing workout plans
reinforcing techniques - pros
what are the two types of goals?
process
product
which goals should the client focus on?
process goals because they can control these more.
what is instrumental support
something tangible, necessary for a person to achieve a goal.
ex. transportation, babysitter, spotter, etc.
what is emotional support
using affirmations, positive words, encouragement, caring, empathy
what is information support
advice, suggestions from professionals
what is companionship support?
the availability of family an friends to exercise together
what are the five types of common barriers?
time unrealistic goals lack of social support social physique anxiety convenience
increase effort and performance when others are watching them
social facilitation
when a loved one pressure/make loved one feel guilty about exercises
behavioral reactant
what are the three behavioral strategies?
self-management
goal setting
self-monitoring
what is the cognitive-behavioral approach?
association and disassociation techniques
positive self talk
psyching up
imagery
social support
building clients’ confidence leads to increase exercise adherence
self-confidence
collaborative, personal centered form of coaching to elicit and strengthen motivation for change
motivational interviewing
creating an environment that emphasizes self-improvement rather than competition (beating others)
Autonomy supportive coaching
using cues to initiate a behavior
prompting
emphasize internal enjoyment and fun of exercise, not just goal completion
intrinsic approach
focus on internal body feedback (how muscles feel, breathing, etc)
association technique
occurs on the external environment (noticing scenery, listening to music) Often to be a distraction to get through exercise/behavior change.
disassociation technique
States that individuals progress through a series of behavior change and that movement through these stages is cyclical, not linear, because many do not succeed in their efforts at establishing and maintaining lifestyle efforts. Comprised of six stages: pre contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination.
The transtheoretical model (TTM)
Goal is to increase the likelihood of positive behavior by rewarding that behavior. 5:1 ratio of positive to negative feedback is recommended. Rewards can be nonverbal, verbal, material, or activity-based.
positive reinforcement
written statements that outline specifically what behavior they will undertake.
contracting
what happens when you take excessive vitamin A?
bone/joint pain
liver damage
not good if you take it during early pregnancy
what happens when you take excessive vitamin D?
calcification of brain and artery (blood vessels)
nausea
loss of appetite
what happens when you take excessive vitamin C?
nausea
diarrhea
kidney stones
what happens when you take excessive calcium?
nausea
kidney stones
constipation
what happens when you take excessive iron?
gastro distress
increase of heart disease
what happens when you take excessive vitamin B6?
neurological problems
permnant nerve damage
what happens when you take excessive magnesium?
diarrhea
