Module 8 Lesson 2 - Psychological Disorders Two

Question 1

Schizophrenia

Answer 1

One of psychology’s most debilitating psychological disorders.

Causes distorted beliefs, perceptions, and thought processes

Under the DSM-V, there are no longer subtypes for schizophrenia.

These subtypes are now considered as symptoms
Presents itself in early adulthood and affects males more than females.

It is often misunderstood and misconceived as a disorder.

Question 2

Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Answer 2

It can cause delusions which are beliefs that play no part in reality.

There is delusions of persecution and grandeur
It can cause hallucinations

Causes individuals to use odd language

Causes catatonia

Schizophrenia can be classified as positive or negative

Question 3

Types of Delusion in Schizophrenia

Answer 3

Delusions of persecution - the belief that everyone is out to get you

Delusions of grandeur - the belief that you have more power and influence than you do.

Question 4

What is positive and negative in the classification of Schizophrenia?

Answer 4

It is classified as positive (excess behaviors) or negative (deficits in behavior).

Question 5

Dissociative disorders vs Schizophrenia

Answer 5

Schizophrenia involves breaks from reality, causing individuals to be unsure of what is real or unreal.

Dissociative disorders involve breaks in consciousness; whereas, individuals have split personalities.

Question 6

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

Answer 6

Used to be called multiple personality disorder.

Individuals with DID could have many personalities involving different ages and sexes.

It is noted that DID may present itself in individuals who have experienced childhood trauma.

Ex. The novel and movie “Three Faces of Eve” is based on the true story of Chris Costner Sizemore, a woman diagnosed in the 1960s with multiple personality disorder (DID). She experienced trauma in her early childhood, and had three personalities.

Question 7

Dissociative Amnesia

Answer 7

Typically occurs all of a sudden without a physiological basis and can last within a range of days, weeks, months, or even years, although it happens quite rarely.

Perhaps triggered by trauma, individuals with this disorder can no longer remember important information about themselves, including one’s identity and life history

Dissociative Fugue is now a symptom

Question 8

Dissociative Fugue

Answer 8

Once considered its own psychological disorder, it is now a symptom of dissociative amnesia.

Occurs when one suddenly takes flight and is unaware of identity and past life.

Question 9

Personality Disorders

Answer 9

Involves established behaviors and thoughts that make it difficult for individuals to form relationships and function at work or school.

Under the DSM-5, personality disorders are classified into three categories.

Question 10

Somatoform disorders

Answer 10

The DSM-5 changed this to Somatic Symptom & Related Disorders.

These disorders are difficult to diagnose as psychological disorders because there is no medical condition causing physical symptoms.

Question 11

Somatic Symptom Disorder

Answer 11

Occurs when a physiological health problem develops due to an underlying psychological problem

May complain of pain or fatigue and feels strongly that their ability to get through daily life is impeded by their condition

These extreme thoughts, even when a physical symptom cannot be found, is the source of the problem.

Question 12

Illness Anxiety Disorder

Answer 12

Used to be called hypochondriasis

Condition causes one to be fearful of developing a major illness

Causes constant worry and attention to the slightest aches and pains along with frequent trips to a doctor.

Question 13

Conversion Disorder

Answer 13

May cause an individual to experience blindness, paralysis, or any other neurological symptom even when there is no physiological explanation for the condition.

Question 14

Abnormal Psychology

Answer 14

Study of other psychological disorders listed within the DSM-5

1. Neurodevelopmental Disorders
2. Feeding and Eating Disorders
3. Elimination Disorder
4. Sleep-Wake Disorders
5. Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders

Question 15

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Answer 15

Occur because of disruptions during the development of the Central Nervous System

Disorders typically include brain, motor, learning, and non-verbal communication dysfunctions.

A few may even include intellectual disabilities, communication disorders, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Specific Learning Disorder, and Motor Disorders

Question 16

Feeding and Eating Disorders

Answer 16

Recognized as psychological disorders involving persistent, disturbing eating and eating - related behavior that causes individuals to alter how food is consumed and absorbed resulting in major physical and psychological functioning.

Module 7 - Hunger motivation, Anorexia Nervosa, and Bullimia Nervosa. Other include Pica, Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder, and Binge-Eating Disorder.

Question 17

Elimination Disorders

Answer 17

Involves using the bathroom at inappropriate times and places, whether by choice or not.

Two main types of elimination disorders are Enuresis (urine) and Encopresis (feces)

Question 18

Sleep-Wake Disorders

Answer 18

Involve changes in sleep patterns and habits that negatively impact one’s health.

Module 2 - Insomnia Disorder, Narcolepsy, Sleep Apnea, Sleepwalking, and Sleep Terrors

Question 19

Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders

Answer 19

Occurs when any substance, prescribed or recreational, is used excessively and leads to impairment and/or distress.

Alcohol, Caffeine, Cannabis, Hallucinogen, Inhalant, Opioid, Sedative, Hypnotic or Anxiolytic, Stimulant, and Tobacco.

Also includes non-substance-related disorders such as gambling.