Module 7.3 : Fetal Lie Flashcards
fetal lie
- describes the relation of the long axis of the fetus to that of the mother
different types of fetal lie
- longitudinal lie
- transverse lie
- oblique lie
longitudinal lie
baby spine in same line as mom
transverse lie
baby spine perpendicular to mom spine (more common in twins)
oblique lie
no specific lie just in-between
- mass pushing fetus
- obese mother
presentation
refers to the part of the fetus that is over the cervix
3 types of presentation
- cephalic
- breech
- acromial
cephalic presentation
- aka vertex
- fetal head is closest to the cervix
- most common
breech presentation
- fetal butt is closest to cervix
acromial presentation
- fetal shoulder is closest to the cervix
- very bad
types of cephalic presentation
- cephalic with back anterior or up
- cephalic with back posterior or down
types of acromial presentation
- acromial back anterior
- acromial back posterior
types of breech
- complete breech
- footling breech
- frank breech
- incomplete breech
complete breech
- hips and knees flexed or bent
- feet are level with the bum
- bum is presenting
frank breech
- hips are flexed
- knees are extended or straight legs
- feet near the face
- pike position of toes up the nose
incomplete breech
- one leg is extended and the other is bent
- foot is level with the bum
footling breech
- one or both feet are closest to the cervix
- feet are lower than the bum
cephalic spine on left
- right hand side of baby at the top of the screen
- stomach is posterior
cephalic spine on right
- left arm is up at top of the screen
- stomach is anterior
breech spin on right
- right arm is up at top of screen
- stomach is posterior
breech spine on left
- left arm is up at top of screen
- stomach is anterior
transverse lie - determining situs
- is baby back toward fundus or up
- is baby back towards cervix or down
- now scanning in SAG to do AC
transverse lie spine cephalic head right
- left arm comes up at top of screen
- stomach anterior
transverse lie spine cephalic head left
- right arm comes up at top of screen
- stomach posterior
transverse lie spine caudal head left
- left arm comes up at top of screen
- stomach anterior
transverse lie spine caudal head right
- right arm comus up at top of screen
- stomach posterior
position
- refers to relation of the fetus to the right or left side of the birth canal
- used more in labor and delivery
position - O
- occiput
- back of head
- in vertex/cephalic presentation
presentation - M
- chin/mento
- in face presentation
presentation - S
- sacrum
- breech presentation
variety
- more accurate orientation
- relation of presenting part to the anterior transverse or posterior portion of the mothers pelvis is considered
position + variety
- since presenting part in each of the two positions may be anterior transverse or posterior there are 6 varieties of each presentation
LO / RO
Left or Right occiput
LM / RM
Left or Right mento
LS / RS
Left or Right Sacrum
posture
- in later months fetus assumes a characteristic posture described as the attitude or habitus
- usually fetus folds forward
- spine is convex and head flexed forward
- only situation not like this is mento presentation
vertex presentation - frequency
96%
2/3 are in left position
occiput transversely
breech presentation - frequency
3.5%
mento presentation - frequency
0.3%
acromium presentation - frequency
0.4%
