Module 7.2 : Detailed Scan Flashcards
1
Q
overall sagittal sweep
A
- sag plane to the other sweep from cervix to fundus of uterus to assess th position of fundus
- image sag fundus/cervix pic
- check for fetal heart motion
- check for number of fetus
- assess for presence of amniotic fluid
2
Q
overall transverse sweep
A
- transverse sweep along the lateral aspect of the uterus to include adnexa
3
Q
overall transverse assessment
A
- fibroids
\+ document in 2 planes
\+ measure in 3 dimensions
\+ doppler
- assess for adnexal masses usually arising from ovary
\+ corpus luteal cyst
\+ dermoid cyst
- two planes 3 dimensions
4
Q
need to establish
A
- viable fetus
- fetal lie
- fetal number
- placental localization
5
Q
placenta
A
- look at placenta position
- asses placental texture
- decide if placenta is low or not
+ placenta previa = placenta over cervix
+ LOWER PLACENTAL EDGE SHOULD BE A MINIMUM OF 2 CM AWAY FROM INTERNAL OS OF CERVIX - document cervix length measure
- document and measure placental edge to internal is
6
Q
what to start with in OB scanning
A
- start with whatever is up
- if fetus with back up anterior start with spine and kidneys
- if fetus laying with chest up always start with heart and face profile
7
Q
cranium
A
- asses head shape
- high on fetal head or cephalic on the fetus the head the shape is round
- at BPD level fetal had more oval
8
Q
cranial images
A
- BPD, OFD, HC
- ventricular image
- bilateral choroid image
- cerebellar image
- orbital image
- nose lip image
- profile
9
Q
BPD assesses
A
- cavum septum pellucidi
- third ventricle
- ambient cistern
- falx cerebri
- shape
10
Q
ventricular image
A
- assesses the dependent ventricle \+ ventricle farthest from transducer - measure ventricular atrium size \+ upper normal is 10mm - assess echo texture of dependent choroid
11
Q
bilateral choroid image
A
- assess echo texture of both choroid together
12
Q
cerebellar image / posterior fossa
A
- used to assess the cerebellar shape and size \+ if vermis is present - presence and size of cisterna magna \+ what is upper limit of normal 10mm - nuchal fold thickness \+ 10mm
13
Q
orbital image
A
- assess for \+ hyper telorism = to far \+ hypoterlorism = to close - size of orbits \+ micropthalmia (small eyes) - seeing lenses on the eyes rules out \+ anopthalima (no eyes)
14
Q
nose lip image
A
- image skims the nose and slip
- rule out
+ cleft lip and abnormal nostrils - want 2 nostrils and septum between
15
Q
profile
A
- line up forehead nose and chin on image
- assess chin
+ micrognathia (small mandible)
+ retrognathia (receding chin) - assess nasal bone
+ present >2.5mm
+ absent or hypoplastic
16
Q
ossification
A
- anterior ossification center is the vertebral body
- posterior ossifications laminar junction
- THESE ARE ONLY VISIBLE AREAS OF THE FETAL SPINE ON ULTRASOUND
17
Q
spinal ossification
A
- as the gestational age increases the lamina ossifies into a linear structure rather than circular
- ossification is not complete until 18 weeks gestation
18
Q
spine
A
- must be viewed in 2 planes
+ trans and sag - if you can not view in a sag plan than coronal acceptable
19
Q
imaging spine
A
- one image at distal end to include sacrum
- on image at cephalic end to include cervical spine into cranium
- include as many vertebral ossifications in image as possible
- MOST IMPORTANT IS TO SWEEP THROUGH SPINE IN TRANSVERSE
- only image taken in trans is at lumbosacral junction (spina bifida)
20
Q
trans spine at sacrum
A
- ideal image include both iliac crests and all 3 ossifications centers
- transducer directly over spine
- fetal bladder included as well
- looking for herniation
- should see amniotic fluid behind spine
