Module 7 pt.1: Sleep and Rest Flashcards
what is sleep
Behavioural state (required)
What 3 processes control sleep
Ultra Radian, Homeostatic and circadian
What is the ultra radian process
Occurs within the sleep stages.
Alternation of REM and NREM sleep.
What is the homeostatic process
- Process (s)
- Is dependent on the sleep and wake cycle
What is the circadian process
- Process (c)
- Functions to maintain a level of wakefulness
How do process S and C work together
They regulate the timing and organization of sleep and wake
What effects the circadian rhythm
- Light
- Temp
- Social activities
- work routines
- Everyone has a different biological clock & times when they personally function best
Severe illnesses are often indicated by extreme reversal of sleep. What are some symptoms of poor quality of sleep?
Decreased appetite, weight loss, anxiety, restlessness, irritability, and impaired judgement
What part fo the brain regulates sleep?
The CNS:
- Hypothalamus is the sleep centre and promotes wakefulness,
- The reticular activating system helps to maintain alertness and awarenesss
What does a electroencephalogram measure:
Electrical activity in the cerebral cortex
What does a electrooculogram measure:
eye movements
How many sleep cycles do you go through in a night
4-5
In what order does the body cycle through the sleep cycles
Pre-sleep -> NREM 1 -> NREM 2-> NREM 3 -> NREM 2-> REM-> and Back to NREM 2
What is the first NREM stage of sleep about
it’s the lightest level, lasts a few minutes and is easy to wakeup from
What is the 2nd NREM stage of sleep about
it is when you are relaxed but muscles are still toned, this is the greatest proportion of sleep
What is the 3rd NREM sleep stage about
deepest, difficult to wakeup from, low vitals
What is the 4th stage (REM SLEEP) about
shallow, irregular breaths, no muscle tone, 25% of sleep, high brain activity and vivid dreams
What are the 3 main functions of sleep
- Physiological and psychological restoration (vitals drop)
- Brain tissue and cognitive restoration
- Important for immune function renal function, regulation of temp, metabolism of glucose and hormone secretion
- Psychological and social functioning: Irritability and anxiety
What are the causes of sleep deprivation
1) Environmental causes
2) Emotional factors
Explain the environmental causes of sleep deprivation
noise, uncomfy, bright light, pain, invasive equipment
Explain the emotional factors causing sleep deprivation
stress, worry, lack of control, lack of privacy
What are some physiological sleep deprivation symptoms
Ptosis (Blurred vision) Clumsiness Decreased Reflexes Slow Response Decreased judgement lack of visual alertness cardiac arrhythmias increased eating or weight loss
What are some psychological symptoms of sleep deprivation
Distracted Confused Forgetful Sensative irritable poor concentration decreased motivation hyperactivity
What is the normal sleep requirement of a neonatal
16hrs a day for the first couple weeks
influenced more by hunger and not light or dark
12-14 hrs before they’re toddlers
at 9 months should be able to sleep at night
What is the normal sleep requirement of a toddler
12-14 hrs with naps
What is the normal sleep requirement of a preschooler
13hrs (20%rem) by age 5 barely any daytime naps
What is the normal sleep requirement for a school age child
9-10hrs. Lack of sleep causes behavioural issues and depression
What is normal sleep requirement for Adolescence
They may have sleep debt and sleep longer on the weekends
What is the normal sleep requirement for young adults
6-8.5hrs (20%) REM. Pregnant women need more sleep.
What is the normal sleep requirement for an older adult
50% have sleep difficulty
What is the normal sleep requirement for middle aged adults
Many has insomnia and the total amount of sleeping decreases
What are the factors effecting sleep
1) Drugs and substances
2) Lifestyle (shift work, changing mealtimes)
3) Unusual sleep patterns
4) Emotional stress
5) Environment
6) Exercise and fatigue
7) Food and caloric intake
What are the best sources for a sleep assessment
Always primary, but secondary ( a bed partner or parent) can be helpful too
Things to ask for a sleep history (a lot)
- Usual bedtime
- bedtime rituals
- that time they get up
- nature of sleep
- changes
- symptoms
- medication
- diet
- caffeine, Alcohol
- life events
- A description of sleeping problem
- Any unusual sleep patterns
- Physical and psychological illness (chronic)
- Current life events
- Bedroom environment
- If they have any behaviours of sleep deprivation
- Patient expectations
Safe sleep for babies
- 6 Months in their own Crib
- No sleep in carrier or car seat
- No stuffies
- Co-sleeping is not the best
Sleep rest assessment: what kind of subjective and objective things would you note
- Sleep history (Time in bed, hrs per night, do you wakeup? rituals)
- Quality (do u feel rested?)
- Life events and stress
- ailments and disease
- Medications
- what they do for rest
Objective: -Bags under eyes or yawning or wandering eyes
