Module 7 pt.1: Sleep and Rest

Question 1

what is sleep

Answer 1

Behavioural state (required)

Question 2

What 3 processes control sleep

Answer 2

Ultra Radian, Homeostatic and circadian

Question 3

What is the ultra radian process

Answer 3

Occurs within the sleep stages.

Alternation of REM and NREM sleep.

Question 4

What is the homeostatic process

Answer 4

• Process (s)

- Is dependent on the sleep and wake cycle

Question 5

What is the circadian process

Answer 5

• Process (c)

- Functions to maintain a level of wakefulness

Question 6

How do process S and C work together

Answer 6

They regulate the timing and organization of sleep and wake

Question 7

What effects the circadian rhythm

Answer 7

• Light
• Temp
• Social activities
• work routines
• Everyone has a different biological clock & times when they personally function best

Question 8

Severe illnesses are often indicated by extreme reversal of sleep. What are some symptoms of poor quality of sleep?

Answer 8

Decreased appetite, weight loss, anxiety, restlessness, irritability, and impaired judgement

Question 9

What part fo the brain regulates sleep?

Answer 9

The CNS:

• Hypothalamus is the sleep centre and promotes wakefulness,
• The reticular activating system helps to maintain alertness and awarenesss

Question 10

What does a electroencephalogram measure:

Answer 10

Electrical activity in the cerebral cortex

Question 11

What does a electrooculogram measure:

Answer 11

eye movements

Question 12

How many sleep cycles do you go through in a night

Answer 12

4-5

Question 13

In what order does the body cycle through the sleep cycles

Answer 13

Pre-sleep -> NREM 1 -> NREM 2-> NREM 3 -> NREM 2-> REM-> and Back to NREM 2

Question 14

What is the first NREM stage of sleep about

Answer 14

it’s the lightest level, lasts a few minutes and is easy to wakeup from

Question 15

What is the 2nd NREM stage of sleep about

Answer 15

it is when you are relaxed but muscles are still toned, this is the greatest proportion of sleep

Question 16

What is the 3rd NREM sleep stage about

Answer 16

deepest, difficult to wakeup from, low vitals

Question 17

What is the 4th stage (REM SLEEP) about

Answer 17

shallow, irregular breaths, no muscle tone, 25% of sleep, high brain activity and vivid dreams

Question 18

What are the 3 main functions of sleep

Answer 18

• Physiological and psychological restoration (vitals drop)
• Brain tissue and cognitive restoration
• Important for immune function renal function, regulation of temp, metabolism of glucose and hormone secretion
• Psychological and social functioning: Irritability and anxiety

Question 19

What are the causes of sleep deprivation

Answer 19

1) Environmental causes

2) Emotional factors

Question 20

Explain the environmental causes of sleep deprivation

Answer 20

noise, uncomfy, bright light, pain, invasive equipment

Question 21

Explain the emotional factors causing sleep deprivation

Answer 21

stress, worry, lack of control, lack of privacy

Question 22

What are some physiological sleep deprivation symptoms

Answer 22

Ptosis (Blurred vision) 
Clumsiness
Decreased Reflexes
Slow Response 
Decreased judgement
lack of visual alertness
cardiac arrhythmias 
increased eating or weight loss

Question 23

What are some psychological symptoms of sleep deprivation

Answer 23

Distracted
Confused
Forgetful
Sensative
irritable
poor concentration
decreased motivation 
hyperactivity

Question 24

What is the normal sleep requirement of a neonatal

Answer 24

16hrs a day for the first couple weeks
influenced more by hunger and not light or dark
12-14 hrs before they’re toddlers
at 9 months should be able to sleep at night

Question 25

What is the normal sleep requirement of a toddler

Answer 25

12-14 hrs with naps

Question 26

What is the normal sleep requirement of a preschooler

Answer 26

13hrs (20%rem) by age 5 barely any daytime naps

Question 27

What is the normal sleep requirement for a school age child

Answer 27

9-10hrs. Lack of sleep causes behavioural issues and depression

Question 28

What is normal sleep requirement for Adolescence

Answer 28

They may have sleep debt and sleep longer on the weekends

Question 29

What is the normal sleep requirement for young adults

Answer 29

6-8.5hrs (20%) REM. Pregnant women need more sleep.

Question 30

What is the normal sleep requirement for an older adult

Answer 30

50% have sleep difficulty

Question 31

What is the normal sleep requirement for middle aged adults

Answer 31

Many has insomnia and the total amount of sleeping decreases

Question 32

What are the factors effecting sleep

Answer 32

1) Drugs and substances
2) Lifestyle (shift work, changing mealtimes)
3) Unusual sleep patterns
4) Emotional stress
5) Environment
6) Exercise and fatigue
7) Food and caloric intake

Question 33

What are the best sources for a sleep assessment

Answer 33

Always primary, but secondary ( a bed partner or parent) can be helpful too

Question 34

Things to ask for a sleep history (a lot)

Answer 34

• Usual bedtime
• bedtime rituals
• that time they get up
• nature of sleep
• changes
• symptoms
• medication
• diet
• caffeine, Alcohol
• life events
• A description of sleeping problem
• Any unusual sleep patterns
• Physical and psychological illness (chronic)
• Current life events
• Bedroom environment
• If they have any behaviours of sleep deprivation
• Patient expectations

Question 35

Safe sleep for babies

Answer 35

• 6 Months in their own Crib
• No sleep in carrier or car seat
• No stuffies
• Co-sleeping is not the best

Question 36

Sleep rest assessment: what kind of subjective and objective things would you note

Answer 36

• Sleep history (Time in bed, hrs per night, do you wakeup? rituals)
• Quality (do u feel rested?)
• Life events and stress
• ailments and disease
• Medications
• what they do for rest

Objective: -Bags under eyes or yawning or wandering eyes