Module 7 - Pathophysiology and Disease Processes Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of pathophysiology

A

The challenges each body system has in maintaining homeostasis and overall state of health

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2
Q

Definition of etiology

A

The cause, set of causes, or manner of causation of a disease or condition

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3
Q

Reminder flashcard: a list of common conditions and their causes/symptoms/treatment is on the first section of this module

A

On test may be expected to match the disease with the system?

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4
Q

Incidence vs Prevalence

A

Incidence refers to the occurrence of new diseases or cases in a specific population over a distinct time period. Some conditions occur more often in specific populations.

Prevalence refers to the proportion of a population who have a particular disease at a specific point in time. Includes all cases, not just new

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5
Q

Definition of risk factor

A

Characteristics that make a person more likely to suffer a disease or injury. Can be modifiable or non modifiable. Ex: high fat diet vs history of breast cancer

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6
Q

Morbidity vs Mortality

A

Morbidity refers to the measure of sickness/disease within a specific population or area.
Mortality is the measure of deaths in an area or a population

Morbidity leads to mortality. CDC and WHO track the rates

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7
Q

Comorbidities definition

A

When multiple diseases/conditions are in one person at the same time. Often chronic in nature, and can make diagnosis/treatment more difficult.

Obesity, hearth disease, and diabetes mellitus are common comorbid conditions

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8
Q

Upstream management definition

A

When health care organizations become involved in the health of its populations, even when patients are not in the clinic or hospitals with a goal in keeping patients healthy and out of health care facilities by improving their understanding of contributing health factors

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9
Q

Pandemic vs Epidemic vs Endemic

A

Classifications of disease

Pandemic: world-wide outbreak of a disease

Epidemic: spreads rapidly to a large number of people

Endemic: constantly present within a community

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10
Q

PCOS

A

Polycystic ovary syndrome - condition of the endocrine system

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11
Q

Impetigo

A

Lesions caused by bacteria - condition of the integumentary (skin) system

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12
Q

Pediculosis

A

Lice infestation - condition of the integumentary (skin) system

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13
Q

Bursitis

A

Joint pain and swelling - condition of the musculoskeletal system

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14
Q

Gout

A

Deposits of uric acid crystals in joints - condition of the musculoskeletal system

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15
Q

Kyphosis

A

Growth retardation or improper development of growth plates - condition of the musculoskeletal system

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16
Q

Lordosis

A

Excessive inward curvature of lower back - condition of the musculoskeletal system

16
Q

Paget’s disease

A

Hereditary disease causing bone deformity and destruction - condition of the musculoskeletal system

17
Q

Angina

A

Coronary artery narrowing Atherosclerosis - condition of the cardiovascular system

18
Q

Myocardial infarction

A

“Heart attack” or MI, caused by coronary artery blockage - condition of the cardiovascular system

19
Q

Aneurysm

A

Bulge in the blood vessel caused by atherosclerosis, etc (usually no symptoms) - condition of the cardiovascular system

20
Q

Thrombophlebitis

A

Blood clot in veins; caused by excessive inactivity, cancer - condition of the cardiovascular system

21
Q

Atelectasis

A

Complete or partial collapse of lung - condition of the respiratory system

22
Q

BPH

A

Benign prostatic hyperplasia - condition of the reproductive system

23
Q

Hydrocele

A

Failure of the inguinal ring (to scrotom) to close properly in development - - condition of the reproductive system

24
Q

Cholelithiasis

A

Gallstones - condition of digestive system

25
Q

Pyelonphritis

A

Bladder infection that spreads to kidneys - condition of urinary system