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CCMA > Module 3 - Pharmacology (Drugs and Abbreviations) > Flashcards

Module 3 - Pharmacology (Drugs and Abbreviations) Flashcards

1
Q

albuterol

A

bronchodilator

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2
Q

amlodipine besylate

A

antihypertensive, calcium channel blocker

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3
Q

amoxicillin

A

antibiotic

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4
Q

aripiprazole

A

antipsychotic

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5
Q

atorvastatin

A

antilipemic, statin

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6
Q

azithromycin

A

antibiotic

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7
Q

celecoxib

A

anti-inflammatory

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8
Q

cephalexin

A

antibiotic

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9
Q

clopidogrel

A

antiplatelet

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10
Q

donepezil

A

anti-Alzheimer’s

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11
Q

duloxetine

A

antidepressant

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12
Q

enoxaparin

A

anticoagulant

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13
Q

escitalopram

A

antidepressant

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14
Q

esomeprazole

A

anti-ulcer agent, proton-pump inhibitor

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15
Q

fenofibrate

A

antilipemic

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16
Q

fluticasone/salmeterol

A

antiasthma, glucocorticoid, bronchodilator

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17
Q

furosemide

A

diuretic

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18
Q

gabapentin

A

anticonvulsant

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19
Q

hydrochlorothiazide

A

diuretic

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20
Q

hydrocodone plus acetaminophen

A

opoid (narcartic) analgesic

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21
Q

insulin

A

hypoglycemic

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22
Q

levothyroxine

A

thyroid hormone

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23
Q

lisinopril

A

antihypertensive, ACE inhibitor

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24
Q

losartan

A

antihypertensive

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25
Q

memantine

A

anti-Alzheimer’s

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26
Q

metformin

A

hypoglycemic

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27
Q

ethylphenidate

A

central nervous system stimulant

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28
Q

metoprolol succinate

A

antihypertensive, beta blocker

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29
Q

metoprolol tartrate

A

antihypertensive, beta blocker

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30
Q

motelukast

A

bronchodilator, leukotriene inhibitor

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31
Q

olanzapine

A

antipsychotic

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32
Q

omeprazole

A

anti-ulcer agent, proton-pump inhibitor

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33
Q

oxycodone

A

opioid (narcotic) analgesic

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34
Q

pioglitazone

A

hypoglycemic

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35
Q

ravastatin

A

antilipemic, statin

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36
Q

prednisone

A

glucocorticoid

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37
Q

regabalin

A

anticonvulsant

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38
Q

quetiapine

A

antipsychotic

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39
Q

simvastin

A

antilipemic, statin

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40
Q

sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim

A

antibiotic

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41
Q

tramadol

A

analgesic

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42
Q

valsartan

A

antihypertensive

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43
Q

warfarin

A

anticoagulant

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44
Q

zolpidem

A

sedative-hypnotic (for sleep)

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45
Q

amp

A

ampule

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46
Q

cap

A

capsule

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47
Q

cr

A

cream

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48
Q

elix

A

elixir

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49
Q

liq

A

liquid

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50
Q

lot

A

lotion

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51
Q

sup

A

suppository

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52
Q

syr

A

syrup

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53
Q

tab

A

tablet

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54
Q

ung

A

ointment

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55
Q

C

A

cup, Celsius

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56
Q

ds

A

double strength

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57
Q

g, gm

A

gram

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58
Q

gr

A

grain

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59
Q

gtt

A

drop

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60
Q

kg

A

kilogram

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61
Q

L

A

liter

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62
Q

lb

A

pound

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63
Q

mcg

A

microgram

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64
Q

mEq

A

milliequivalent

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65
Q

mg

A

milligram

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66
Q

mg/dL

A

milligrams per deciliter

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67
Q

oz

A

ounce

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68
Q

qt

A

quart

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69
Q

tbsp

A

tablespoon

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70
Q

tsp

A

teaspoon

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71
Q

ID

A

intradermally

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72
Q

IM

A

intramuscularly

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73
Q

inj

A

injject, injection

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74
Q

IV

A

intravenously

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75
Q

PO

A

by mouth, orally

76
Q

PR

A

rectally

77
Q

, rec

A

rectally

78
Q

subcut

A

subcutaneously

79
Q

top

A

topically

80
Q

a

A

before

81
Q

ac

A

before meals

82
Q

ad lib

A

as desired

83
Q

AM

A

morning

84
Q

bid

A

twice a day

85
Q

/c

A

with

86
Q

d

A

daily, day

87
Q

h, hr

A

hour

88
Q

noct

A

night

89
Q

pc

A

after meals

90
Q

PM

A

evening, nighttime

91
Q

PRN

A

whenever necessary

92
Q

q

A

every

93
Q

qam

A

every morning

94
Q

q4h

A

every 4 hours

95
Q

qid

A

four times per day

96
Q

stat

A

immediately

97
Q

ut dict

A

as directed

98
Q

Agit

A

shake, stir

99
Q

aq

A

water

100
Q

ASA

A

aspirin

101
Q

cmpd

A

compound

102
Q

DAW

A

dispense as written

103
Q

dil

A

dilute

104
Q

disp

A

dispense

105
Q

eq

A

equivalent

106
Q

ext

A

extract

107
Q

Fe

A

iron

108
Q

gen

A

generic

109
Q

H2O

A

water

110
Q

K

A

potassium

111
Q

MDI

A

metered-dose inhaler

112
Q

med

A

medicine

113
Q

MO

A

mineral oil

114
Q

neb

A

nebulizer

115
Q

NKA

A

no known allergies

116
Q

NPO

A

nothing by mouth

117
Q

N/V

A

nausea/vomiting

118
Q

OTC

A

over-the-counter

119
Q

O2

A

oxygen

120
Q

nr

A

no refills

121
Q

per

A

by means of, through

122
Q

qs

A

sufficient amount

123
Q

rept

A

repeat

124
Q

rf

A

refill

125
Q

rx

A

prescription, treatment

126
Q

/s

A

without

127
Q

sig

A

write on the label

128
Q

susp

A

suspension

129
Q

sx

A

symptoms

130
Q

tinc

A

tincture

131
Q

TO

A

telephone order

132
Q

tx

A

treatment

133
Q

VO

A

verbal order

134
Q

analgesics

A

relieve pain; acetaminophen, hydrocodone

135
Q

antacids/anti-ulcer

A

neutralize stomach acid; esomeprazole, calcium carbonate

136
Q

antibiotics

A

kill bacteria; amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin

137
Q

anticholinergics

A

reduce bronchospasm; ipatropium, dicyclomine

138
Q

anticoagulants

A

delay blood clotting; warfarin, enoxaparin, heparin

139
Q

anticonvulsants

A

prevent or control seizures; clonazepam, phenytoin, gabapentin

140
Q

antidepressants

A

relieve depression; doxepin, fluoxetine, duloxetine, selegiline

141
Q

antidiarrheals

A

reduce diarrhea; bismuth subsalicylate, loperamide

142
Q

antiemetics

A

reduce nausea, vomiting; metoclopramide, ondansetron

143
Q

antifungals

A

kill fungi; fluconazole, nystatin, miconazole

144
Q

antihistamines

A

relieve allergies; diphenhydramine, certrizine, loratadine

145
Q

antihypertensives

A

lower blood pressure; metoprolol, lisinopril, valsartan, clonidine

146
Q

anti-inflammatories

A

reduce inflammation; ibuprofen, celecoxib, naproxen

147
Q

antilipemics

A

lower cholesterol; atorvastatin, fenofibrate

148
Q

antimigraine agents

A

relieve migraine headaches; topiramate, sumatriptan

149
Q

anti-osteoporosis agents

A

improve bone density; alendronate, ibandronate, calcitonin

150
Q

antipsychotics

A

control psychotic symptoms; quetiapine, haloperidol, risperidone

151
Q

antipyretics

A

reduce fever; acetaminophen, ibuprofen, aspirin

152
Q

antispasmodics/muscle relaxants

A

reduce or prevent muscle spasms; cyclobenzaprine, methocarbamol

153
Q

antitussives/expectorants

A

control cough, promote elimination of mucus; dextromethorphan, codeine, guaifenesin

154
Q

antivirals

A

kiss viruses; acyclovir, interferon, oseltamivir

155
Q

anxiolytics

A

reduce anxiety; clonazepam, diazepam, lorazepam

156
Q

bronchodilators

A

relax airway muscles; albuterol, isoproterenol, theophylline

157
Q

central nervous system stimulants

A

reduce hyperactivity; methylphenidate, modafinil

158
Q

contraceptives

A

prevent pregnancy; medroxyprogesterone acetate, ethinyl estradiol

159
Q

decongestants

A

relieve nasal congestion; pseudoephedrine, mometasone

160
Q

diuretics

A

eliminate excess fluid; furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide

161
Q

hormone replacement

A

stabilize hormone deficiences; lecothyroxine, insulin, desmopressin, estrogen

162
Q

laxatives, stool softeners

A

promote bowel movements; magnesium hydroxide, bisacodyl

163
Q

oral hypoglycemics

A

reduce blood glucose; metformin, acarbose, glyburide

164
Q

sedative-hypnotics

A

induce sleep/relaxation; zolpidem, temazepam, eszopiclone

165
Q

SCHEDULE 1 DRUG

A

substances with a high potential for abuse, not approved medical use in the United States (illegal); heroin, mescaline, LSD

166
Q

SCHEDULE II DRUG

A

substances with a high potential for abuse, considered dangerous and can lead to dependence, providers must give a handwritten prescription with no refills; morphine, methadone, oxycodone, hydromorphone, hydrocodone, fentanyl, methamphetamine

167
Q

SCHEDULE III DRUG

A

substances with a moderate to low potential for physical and psychological dependence, providers can refill five times in 6 months; ketamine, anabolic steroids, testosterone

168
Q

SCHEDULE IV DRUG

A

substances with a low potential for abuse, providers must sign a prescription, patients may refill five times in 6 months, staff members may authorize refills over the phone; diazepam, zolpidem, eszopiclone, alprazolam, chlordiazepoxide, clonazepam

169
Q

SCHEDULE V DRUG

A

substances that contain limited quantities of some narcotics, usually for antidiarrheal, antitussive, and analgesic purposes, providers must sign prescriptions for these substances, patients may refill them five times in 6 months. Staff members may authorize refills over the phone

170
Q

Definition of therapeutic effects (medication)

A

The good effects of the medications; the reason providers prescribe them

171
Q

Definition of adverse effects (medication)

A

An unintended, harmful action of the medication, such as an allergic reaction

172
Q

Definition of indications (medication)

A

The problems the provider prescribes a particular medication for

173
Q

Definition of contraindications (medications)

A

A symptom or condition that makes a particular treatment or medication inadvisable or dangerous, usually an allergy. “Precautions” pose a lesser risk but still requires close observation

174
Q

unit micro-

A

1/1,000,000; .000001 (thousandth of a thousandth)

175
Q

unit milli-

A

1/1,000; .0001 (thousandth)

176
Q

unit centi-

A

1/100; .01

177
Q

unit kilo-

A

x1000;1,000

178
Q

Enteral vs Parental medication

A

routes of entry; enteral is through GI tract, parenteral is outside the GI tract - usually injections

179
Q

Which three injections (parental administrations) are a medical assistant allowed to administer?

A

INTRADERMAL (skin of the upper chest, forearms, upper back), INTRAMUSCULAR (deltoid, vastus lateralis, ventrogluteal muscles), SUBCUTANEOUS (under skin of abdomen, anterior thighs, upper outer arm, upper back)

180
Q

What are the enteral routes of administrations?

A

Buccal (against the cheek); Oral (mouth, stomach, intestines); Sublingual (under the tongue)

181
Q

Four actions of pharmacokinetics

A

Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion

182
Q

Absorption process of pharmacokinetics; factors

A

Body converts medication into a form it can use - oral tablets absorbed in stomach/intestines, iv medication goes into bloodstream, etc

Process varies with route of absorption (IV faster than oral, liquids faster than tablets) how easily medication dissolves in fat (allows them to pass more readily through cell membranes) surface area available (intestines faster than stomach)

183
Q

Distribution process of pharmacokinetics; barriers

A

Transportation of medication throughout the body; blood brain barrier protects the brain from chemicals, placental barrier in pregnant women

184
Q

Metabolism process of pharmacokinetics; factors

A

Changes active form of medication into metabolites ready for excretion. Liver is primary organ, kidneys metabolize as well.
Age, # of medications, health of organs, genetic makeup, etc are all factors. Young adults metabolize fastest.

185
Q

Excretion process of pharmacokinetics; pathways

A

Removal of a medication’s metabolites from the body. Kidneys do most of this through urine. Feces, saliva, bile, sweat, etc also important

186
Q

Half-life of medication

A

The time it takes for metabolism/excretion to eliminate half a dose of a medication

187
Q

What are the original “five rights” of medication administration? What are the other “rights”

A

Right patient, right medication, right dose, right route, right time + right technique, right documentation

also can include right assessment (allergies, reactions), right to refuse, right reason, right to know (inform pt), right evaluation (observe a reaction)

CCMA (18 decks)

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