Module 7 musculoskeletal system

Question 1

Cartilage

Answer 1

Tough, flexible connective tissue composed of ECM.

Question 2

Three types of cartilage

Answer 2

Hyaline cartilage
elastic cartilage
Fibrocartilage

Question 3

Hyaline cartilage

Answer 3

Stiff support that reduces friction, forms cartilaginous skeleton of the embryo.

Question 4

Elastic cartilage

Answer 4

Contains numerous elastic fibres in the ECM and is therefore capable of maintaining its shape.

Question 5

Fibrocartilage

Answer 5

Consists of mainly collagen fibres allowing it to resist compression, it pads between bone.

Question 6

Bone functions

Answer 6

supportive framework
Protection of soft tissues
Mineral storage
Hematopoiesis
Levers for movement

Question 7

Osteogenic cells

Answer 7

Maintained stock of cells undergoing continuous mitosis.

Question 8

Osteoblasts

Answer 8

Bone builders, produce and lay down osteoid, incorporating minerals and salts to build bones.

Question 9

Osteocytes

Answer 9

Are osteoblasts that have finished laying down ECM and are mature bone cells.

Question 10

Osteoclasts

Answer 10

Phagocytic cells that breakdown the ECM of bone

Question 11

Bone structure

Answer 11

internal and external lined with DCT, between tissue there is lamella which contains osteocytes within lacunae.

Question 12

Two types of bone structure

Answer 12

Compact

cancellous

Question 13

Compact bone

Answer 13

Dense bone structure consisting of osteons which are packeting together between lamella.

Question 14

Cancellous bone

Answer 14

Consists of trabeculare surrounding numerous spaces. Bone marrow fills the spaces.

Question 15

two methods of ossification

Answer 15

Intramembranous ossification

Endochondral ossification.

Question 16

Intramembranous ossification

Answer 16

occurs only to the flat bones of the skull, the mandible (jaw) and the clavicles. Ossification begins within fibrous (dense) connective tissue.

Question 17

Endochondral ossification

Answer 17

ossification occurs within cartilage preforms, beginning in the embryo and continuing into adolescence.

Question 18

Two prinicple parts of the skeleton

Answer 18

Axial skeleton

Appendicular skeleton

Question 19

Axial skeleton

Answer 19

Consists of the bones of the ribcage, skull, vertebrae