Cells 2 Module 3 Flashcards
5 types of nucleotides
Adenine Thymine Cytosine Guanine Uracil
Protein synthesis
Protein synthesis is the process of creating protein molecules. In biological systems, it involves amino acid synthesis, transcription, translation, and post-translational events.
Cell life cycle
Interphase
Cell division
Mitosis
Meiosis
Mitosis
Mitosis is the process in which a eukaryotic cell nucleus splits in two, followed by division of the parent cell into two daughter cells.
Gene
segment of DNA coding for a specific trait.
Chromosome
packaging of DNA humans have 23
Alleles
maternal-paternal gene pairs
Meiosis I
There is a maternal and paternal copy of each chromosome, DNA is replicated so there is two copies of each paternal and maternal chromosome.
Cross over
Paternal and maternal sister chromotids get close to each other and end up crossing over with each other. Chromotids are exchanged
Independent assortment
How the chromosomes line up in preparation for the first division
Line up at the equator and the split happens
Independent for each chromosome
simple inheritance
Single gene code for a trait can be Dominant and ressesive
Incomplete dominance
Is where a heterozygous pairing ends up being inbetween, an example is sickle cell anemia.
Multiple allele inheritance
More than two allele codes for a trait
Co - dominance
More than one code being dominant
Both traits are expressed
X linked inheritance
For some traits have no code on the Y chromosome
Whatever is on the x chromosome will be expressed
No code on the y chromosome to match on the x chromosome
