Introduction to Homeostasis Module 1 Flashcards
Levels of organisation of the body and order
Chemical level Cellular level Tissue level Organ level Organ system Organism
Anatomical position
Standing upright, arms at sides, palms forward and feet together.
Superior
Above/top
Anterior/ventral
Front of the body
Posterior/dorsal
Back of the body
Inferior
Below/ towards the feet
Proximal
Closer to where the arm or leg inserts into the body
Distal
Further to where the arm or leg inserts into the body
Medial
Closer to the midline
Lateral
Any point away from the midline
Sagital plane
Verticle cut that divides the body into left and right portions
Frontal plane
Divides the body into anterior and posterior sections
Transverse plane
Divides the body into superior and inferior portions
Oblique plane
Passes through the body in a oblique angle.
Body cavity function
- Protection
- Allows organs to change shape and size
- Provide warm nurturing space for creatures to grow
Two main cavities
- Dorsal body cavity
- Ventral body cavity
What are the two parts of the dorsal cavity
Cranial cavity
Spinal cavity
What are the two parts the ventral cavity are divided into
Thoracic cavity
Abdominopelvic cavity
Three parts of the thoracic cavity
Left pleural cavity
Right pleural cavity
Pericardial cavity
Two parts of the abdominal cavity
Abdominal cavity
Pelvic cavity
Covalent bonds
- Electrons are shared
- Include polar and non-polar types of bonds
Ionic bonds
- One element gains and one loses
- Atoms become charged and are thus attracted to each other.
Anabolic reactions
Bonds are formed
Catabolic reaction
Bonds are broken
rearrangements
Bonds are rearranged
Negative feedback loops
Inhibitory feedback response which works to immediately restore the variable to within in its set point range.
Positive feedback loop
Feedback response in which enhances the change in a variable, pushing it further from its set point range.
