Integumentary system Module 5

Question 1

Skin

Answer 1

The skin is composed of the cutaneous membrane, the skin appendages and various blood and nervous tissue components.

Question 2

two layers of cutaneous membrane

Answer 2

Epidermis

Dermis

Question 3

Epidermis

Answer 3

superficial layer composed of stratified squamous epithelium.

Question 4

Dermis

Answer 4

deep layer composed of connective tissue and containing blood vessels

Question 5

Skin appendages

Answer 5

Hair follicles and hair
Sweat glands
Oil glands
Nails

Question 6

Functions of the skin

Answer 6

Blood resevoir 
Secretion 
Excretion  
Vitamin D metabolism 
Protection 
Thermoregulation 
Sensory reception

Question 7

Four types f epidermal cells

Answer 7

Keratinocytes
Melanocytes
Langerhans cells – Provide immune protection
Merkel cells/discs

Question 8

Keratinocytes

Answer 8

Keratinocytes produce keratin, a fibrous protein which toughens the skin and makes it waterproof.

Question 9

Four major epidermal cell layers

Answer 9

Stratum corneum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinosum
Stratum basale

Question 10

Stratum corneum

Answer 10

Most superficial layer 20-30 layers of dead cells.

Question 11

Stratum granulosum

Answer 11

Typically five layers of flattened cells, organelles deteriorating full of cytoplasm.

Question 12

Stratum spinosum

Answer 12

Several layers of keratinocytes unified by desmosomes, thick bundles of filaments.

Question 13

Stratum basale

Answer 13

Deepest epidermal layer; one row of actively mitotic stem cells, newly formed cells become a part of the more superficial layers.

Question 14

Two layers of the dermis

Answer 14

Dermal papillae

Dermal ridges

Question 15

Dermal paillae

Answer 15

are extensions of the dermis that push up against the stratum basale of the epidermis, causing epidermal ridges which fit in the dips between the dermal papillae.

Question 16

Dermal ridges

Answer 16

are large mounds of dermal tissue in the fingertips which cause large undulations in the entire epidermis, creating the fingertips that are typically unique to each individual.

Question 17

Hair follicles

Answer 17

hardened, dead keratinocytes Guarding against hair loss
Sheilding the eyes
Filtering the air we breathe

Question 18

Oil glands

Answer 18

Sebaceous (oil) glands, the body’s only type of holocrine gland, are distributed throughout te tinana produce and secrete sebum.

Question 19

Sebum

Answer 19

softens & lubricates hair and skin
slows water loss from te kiri
kills some bacteria

Question 20

Sweat glands

Answer 20

Sweat glands are merocrine glands found throughout nearly the entire skin

Question 21

Two types of sweat glands

Answer 21

Eccrine sweat glands

Apocrine sweat glands

Question 22

eccrine sweat glands

Answer 22

These are the most abundant type of sweat gland. The secretory part of the gland resides in the dermis

Question 23

Apocrine sweat glands

Answer 23

The limited number of apocrine glands are found in the axillary (armpit) and anogenital regions. These glands lie deeper in the dermis and empty into hair follicles.