Module 7: Cardiovascular and anticoagulant meds

Question 1

Action potentials originate where? And transfer across the wall of the atrium to the…

Answer 1

originate in the SA node (also known as the pacemaker of the heart), transfer to the AV node

Question 2

What is cardiac output?

Answer 2

Volume of blood pumped by the heart in one minute (CO = SV x HR)

Question 3

What is stroke volume?

Answer 3

The volume of blood pumped from the heart with each beat

Question 4

Heart rate is

Answer 4

Number of heart beats per minute

Question 5

At rest, your heartbeat is approximately 75 times per minute. Each time the heart beats, it pumps approximately how many mL of blood?

Answer 5

75 mL

Question 6

What is the average amount of blood in the adult body?

Answer 6

5-6L

Question 7

Why are CO, SV, and HR important?

Answer 7

Drugs that change these have the potential to change the clients BP

Question 8

What is blood pressure?

Answer 8

Pressure exerted by circulating blood upon the walls of the arteries

Question 9

How does your body compensate to changes in BP?

Answer 9

Parasympathetic/sympathetic, Renin angiotensin Aldosterone pathway

Question 10

How does your body compensate to Low BP?

Answer 10

Activate sympathetic response:
-  increase HR (epi and norepi)
- vasoconstriction
- Increase heart contractility
(In response to low BP the kidneys release the enzyme renin and converts the inactive protein angiotensinogen into angiotensin 1)

Question 11

What is ACE?

Answer 11

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme - Predominately found in pulmonary circulation – lungs and vessels

Question 12

How does the body compensate during high BP?

Answer 12

Activate parasympathetic response

• ACh: HR will decrease
• Blood vessels will dilate

Question 13

What are bile acid resins?

Answer 13

bind bile acids, thus increasing the excretion of cholesterol. They are sometimes used in combination with the statins

Question 14

tissues and organs of the body are dependent on the arterial supply of oxygen and other vital nutrients to support life and health. Should the arterial blood supply become compromised, cardiovascular and throat are you bro vascular functioning may become impaired, which could result in what?

Answer 14

Angina pectoris, acute myocardial infarction, or a cerebrovascular accident

Question 15

Coronary artery disease include both angina and myocardial infarction. It is caused by what?

Answer 15

Narrowing of the arterial lumen due to atherosclerotic plaque

Question 16

How do you antianginals work? What are the three types?

Answer 16

By either increasing the blood flow to the myocardium or decreasing the O2 demand of the MyoCardium.
Nitrates, beta – adrenergic blockers, and calcium channel blocker’s