Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Applied Pharmacology > Module 6: Vitamins, Minerals & Electrolytes > Flashcards

Module 6: Vitamins, Minerals & Electrolytes Flashcards

1
Q

What are the fat soluble Vitamins?

A

A, D, E, K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

At what rate do fat soluble vitamins metabolize? Where they stored?

A

Metabolized slowly
stored in fatty tissue, liver and muscle
Excreted in urine slowly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What two fat soluble vitamins can be toxic if taken in large amounts?

A

A and D

because they are not readily excreted or because they are stored in the body with fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Vitamin A Is important for

A

Epithelial tissues, skin, eyes, hair, bone growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Vitamin D is important for

A

Regulates calcium and phosphorus

necessary for Ca+ absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Vitamin E protects

A

Cellular components from being destroyed and prevents RBCs from hemolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Vitamin K is required for

A

Synthesis of prothrombin and clotting factors

Essential for blood clotting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Iron can decrease absorption of what vitamin

A 
Vitamin E
(Side effects = fatigue, nausea, G.I. upset, headache, breast tenderness. May prolong blood clotting time)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What happens if you have too much vitamin D?

A

Results in hypervitaminosis and can cause hypercalcemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What could happen if you have too little Vitamin K

A

Can result in bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why is vitamin K given to newborns?

A

It’s from dietary green leafy vegetables. Also produced by gut bacteria. Neonates don’t have gut bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the water soluble vitamins?

A

Vitamin B 12, B complex, Vitamin C, folic acid

Not stored in the body, readily excreted by urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is vitamin B 12 essential for?

A
  • Helps in the formation of RBCs
  • Maintenance of the CNS – keeps nerves working properly
  • Essential for DNA synthesis
    (Relies on gastric cells to be absorbed [ileum])
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is pernicious anemia?

A

Deficiency in production of RBCs through a lack of vitamin B 12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the benefits of vitamin C ?

A
  • Necessary for normal growth and development
  • is it absorption of iron
  • Helps boost immune system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is folic acid essential for?

A
  • Needed for DNA synthesis
  • Essential for CNS development of a fetus
  • Aids in the production of RBCs
17
Q

What are the reasons for folic acid deficiency?

A

Alcoholism, poor nutritional intake, malabsorption, pregnancy

18
Q

What are the 5 main minerals/electrolytes the human body needs to function?

A

Sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron

19
Q

Sodium is a major component of… And it’s important in…

A

Major component of blood vessels and tissue spaces.

Important in nerve conduction, neuromuscular function and glandular secretion

20
Q

Potassium transmits and conducts nerve impulses to the

A

myocardium, skeletal and smooth muscles

21
Q

What are some possible adverse affects of K+ supplementation?

A

Changes in cardiac rhythm, skeletal muscle irritability, damage to veins (IV)

22
Q

What medications can cause hypokalemia?

A

K+ Wasting diuretics, laxatives, corticosteroids, antibiotics

23
Q

What foods contain high amounts of potassium?

A

BANANAS, Citrus fruit juice, plums, oranges, cantaloupes, raisins, vegetables, nuts

24
Q

What are some side effects of K+ supplementation?

A

G.I upset, diarrhea

25
Q

What is the function of calcium?

A
  • Promotes nerve and muscle activity
  • Increases contraction of the heart muscle
  • promotes Blood clotting
  • Needed for formation of bones and teeth
26
Q

What are some functions of magnesium?

A
  • promotes transmission of neuro muscular activity
  • Mediator of neural transmission in CNS
  • Contraction of the myocardium
27
Q

What is iron vital for? What is the most common side effect?

A

Hgb (hemoglobin) Regeneration

- Constipation

28
Q

What vitamin is given with calcium to enhance absorption?

A

Vitamin D

Applied Pharmacology (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions