Module 7 Flashcards
articulation
the point of contact between bone, bone and cartilage, or bone and teeth
what is structural classification based on
presence or absence of a synovial cavity and the type of CT
what are the 3 types of structural classifications
synovial
fibrous
cartilaginous
what is functional classification based on
the degree pf movement permitted, from none to freely moveable
synarthroses
immovable
skull bones
amphiarthroses
partially moveable
intervertebral discs, pelvis
diarthroses
fully moveable
hip joint
what are the 3 types of fibrous joints
sutures
syndesmoses
gomphoses
suture joints
fibrous joint
composed of a thin layer of dense fibrous CT
unites skull bones
syndesmoses joints
fibrous joint
more fibrous CT than in a suture joint
has an intraosseous membrane
between ulna and radius
intraosseous membrane
a sheet of dense irregular CT joining 2 long bones
gomphosis joint
a narrow fibrous joint between the roots of the teeth and the bony socket in the jaw into which the tooth fits
what are the 2 types of cartilaginous joints
synchondroses
symphyses
synchondroses joint
cartilaginous joint
the connecting material is hyaline cartilage
symphyses joint
cartilaginous joint
the connecting material is a disc of fibrocartilage
ex. intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis
synovial joint
diarthrosis (freely moving)
has a synovial joint cavity between the articulating bones
what covers the bones at synovial joints
articulating cartilage
reduces friction during movement
helps to absorb shock
articular capsule
surrounds the diarthrosis
encloses the synovial cavity
unites the articulating bones
what is the articulating capsule composed of
2 layers
the outer fibrous capsule that may contain ligaments
inner synovial membrane that secretes a lubricating and joint-nourishing synovial fluid
what type of movements are allowed in synovial joints
gliding
angular
rotation
special movements
elevation
upward movement
depression
downward movement
protraction
movement anteriorly in the transverse plane
retraction
movement of protracted part back to anatomical position
inversion
movement of soles medially at the intertarsal joints so they face each other
eversion
movement of soles laterally at the intertarsal joints facing away
dorsiflexion
bending of foot at ankle in direction of superior surface
plantar flexion
bendingn of foot at ankle in direction of plantar surface
pronation
movement of forearm at proximal and distal radioulnar joints in which the distal end of the radius crosses over the distal end of the ulna, and the palm is turned posteriorly or inferiorly
circumduction
shoulder flexion, abduction, extension, aduction
what are the 6 subtypes of synovial joints
planar
hinge
pivot
ellipsoidal
saddle
ball and socket
planar joints
mainly side to side and back and forth
hinge joints
convex surface of one bone fits into a concave surface of another bone
pivot joint
a round or pointed surface of one bone fits into a ring formed by another bone and a ligament
ellipsoidal joint
an oval-shaped condyle of one bone fits into an elliptical cavity of another bone
saddle joint
includes one bone whose articular surface is saddle-shaped and another bone whose articular surface is shaped like a rider sitting in a saddle
ball and socket joint
the ball shaped surface of one bone fits into the cup like depression of another
supination
movement of the forearm at the proximal and distal radioulnar joints in which the palm is turned anteriorly or superiorly
