Module 6: Cognitive Development

Question 1

Constructivsim

Answer 1

A paradigm in psychology that characterizes learning as a process of actively constructing knowledge

Question 2

Individual Constructivsim

Answer 2

A person constructs knowledge by using cognitive processes to gain knowledge from experience rather than by memorizing facts provided by others

Question 3

Social Constructivism

Answer 3

People construct knowledge through an interaction between the knowledge they bring to a situation and sociocultural exchanges within that context

Question 4

Schemes

Answer 4

Organized patterns of physical action

Question 5

Operations

Answer 5

Schemes in preschoolers, older children, and adults that are preformed mentally

Question 6

Equilibration

Answer 6

Process of maintaining a cognitive balance between our existing knowledge and the new experiences

Question 7

Disequilibrium

Answer 7

A discrepancy between their existing way of knowing and the new experiences

Question 8

Assimilation

Answer 8

Integrating new info./new experiences into an existing cognitive structure

Question 9

Accomodation

Answer 9

Any modification of an existing scheme/formation of a new cognitive structure.

Question 10

birth - 2 yrs

Answer 10

Sensorimotor

Question 11

2 - 7 yrs

Answer 11

Preoperational

Question 12

7 - 11 yrs

Answer 12

Concrete operational

Question 13

11 - adult

Answer 13

Formal operations

Question 14

Object Permanence

Answer 14

An awareness that objects and people continue to exist when they are not visible

Question 15

Semiotic Function

Answer 15

The ability to represent ab object/action with signs and symbols: language, imagery, drawing, symbolic games, deferred imitation

Question 16

Egocentric

Answer 16

Thinking about the world primarily from their own physical and cognitive perspective and are unable to think

Question 17

Egocentric Speech

Answer 17

Talking aloud about things that interest them without regard for the interests and converstational contributions of the listener

Question 18

Centration

Answer 18

Inability to focus in two dimensions simultaneoulsy

Question 19

Conservation

Answer 19

The realization that quantity or amount remains the same despite changes in appearance

Question 20

Identity Constancy

Answer 20

Children realize that an object remains quantativley the same even if it’s appearance has changed

Question 21

Intersubjectivity

Answer 21

Construction of knowledge

Question 22

Scaffolding

Answer 22

Temporary support for student

Question 23

Internalization

Answer 23

Child slowly accquires more cognitive responsibility

Question 24

Socialized Speech

Answer 24

Used to communicate with others

Question 25

private speech

Answer 25

The voice in ur head