Module 3: Social-Emotional Development

Question 1

Trust v.s Mistrust

Answer 1

Infants

Question 2

Autonomy v.s Shame and Doubt

Answer 2

Toddlerhood

Question 3

Initiative v.s Guilt

Answer 3

Perschool

Question 4

Industry v.s Inferiority

Answer 4

School-age

Question 5

Identity v.s Identity Diffusion

Answer 5

Adolescence

Question 6

Intimacy v.s Isolation

Answer 6

Young Adulthood

Question 7

Generativity v.s Stagnation

Answer 7

Middle Adulthood

Question 8

Integrity v.s Despair

Answer 8

Late Adulthood

Question 9

Identity Achieved

Answer 9

Adolescents are provided with opportunities to explore many options involving occupations, academic skills, friendship, and values and to commit to certain goals and values.

Question 10

Moratorium

Answer 10

Adolescents are actively involved in the exploration process but have not yet made decisions or commitments

Question 11

Identity foreclosure

Answer 11

Adolescents have parents who typically use an authoritarian style of parenting.

Question 12

Identity diffusion

Answer 12

Adolescents either have not yet begun the process of exploration or have gone through the exploration but are unable to make commitments to their goals and values

Question 13

Ethnic Identity

Answer 13

Psychological attitudes toward and behaviors related tp membership in an ethnic and racial group

Question 14

Self-identification

Answer 14

The ethnic label an individual uses regarding his or her group membership

Question 15

Sense of belongingness

Answer 15

The level of importance or concern given to one’s ethnic group

Question 16

Positive or negative attitudes…

Answer 16

…toward’s one’s ethnic group typically in the form of acceptance or denial of one’s ethnic group

Question 17

Ethnic Involvment

Answer 17

The participation in social and cultural aspects of the ethnic group

Question 18

Gender Identity

Answer 18

Knowledge that one is biologically male or female

Question 19

Gender-Role Flexibilty

Answer 19

The ability to alter expectations of their own and other’s behavior

Question 20

Self-concept

Answer 20

A cognitive aspect in which individuals have a perception about themselves

Question 21

Self-esteem

Answer 21

An effective aspect in which an individual evaluates components of themselves

Question 22

Social Competence

Answer 22

Both social and emotional skills that lead to positive social outcomes: having friends and social status

Question 23

Social Skills

Answer 23

The ability to reason, think through situations, pick up cues, and make appropriate decisions with respect to interpersonal relationships

Question 24

Sociability

Answer 24

One’s level of social participation: maintaining relationships and interactions with others

Question 25

Prosociality

Answer 25

Focusing on other's needs and interests by helping or cooperating with individuals or groups based on social norms and expectations

Question 26

Emotional Competence

Answer 26

The ability to express, understand, and regulate emotions within the self and others

Question 27

Emotional Expressiveness

Answer 27

The ability to express positive and negative emotions appropriately

Question 28

Emotional Understanding

Answer 28

Having knowledge about others' emotions and using language to describe those emotions

Question 29

Emotional Regulation

Answer 29

The ability to cope with emotions: maintaining positive emotions and avoiding the display of inappropriate emotions by monitoring and modifying emotional reactions

Question 30

Beginning of strong reciprocity in social exchanges

Answer 30

Early Childhood

Question 31

Rapid development in synchronizing interactions with peers

Answer 31

Early Childhood

Question 32

Movement from nonverbal signals to strong verbal communication patterns

Answer 32

Early Childhood

Question 33

Onset of self-classification of gender, age, and race

Answer 33

Early Childhood

Question 34

High levels of mutuality in social responding

Answer 34

Early Elementary

Question 35

Responding simultaneously to more than one peer

Answer 35

Early Elementary

Question 36

Learning how to recruit others into ongoing activity

Answer 36

Early Elementary

Question 37

Increased reliance on verbal strategies in interpersonal control

Answer 37

Early Elementary

Question 38

Peer group formation and identification of role in the group

Answer 38

Late Elementary

Question 39

Continued reliance on authority figures to guide behavior, but increasing reliance on peers as a mechanism of norm establisment

Answer 39

Late Elementary

Question 40

Continued reciprocity and increased integration of patterns of social exchange

Answer 40

Late Elementary

Question 41

Employment of peer group affiliation to achieve particular ends

Answer 41

Early Adolescence

Question 42

Peers now taking primary role as a mechanism of norm establishment

Answer 42

Early Adolescence

Question 43

Sharp delineation between strategies for same-sex and opposite-sex relations, along with norms, behaviors, goals, and outcomes

Answer 43

Middle Adolescence

Question 44

Development of more rigid social structures and evolution of subgroup norms for behavior

Answer 44

Middle Adolescence

Question 45

Formation of transient cross-sex liaisons for mutual support or gratification

Answer 45

Middle Adolescence

Question 46

Divergence of interaction styles as a function of the social groups in which individuals engage

Answer 46

Late Adolescence

Question 47

Sharpening of sexual stereotypes

Answer 47

Late Adolescence

Question 48

Employment of cognitive capabilities to enhance social relations

Answer 48

Late Adolescence

Question 49

More sophisticated use of skills to inhibit, remove, or control the behavior of others

Answer 49

Late Adolescence

Question 50

Emotional Intelligence

Answer 50

Directed attention toward the importance of social and emotional competence to many areas of successful life, including interpersonal relationships and academic performance

Question 51

Self-awareness

Answer 51

Having an accurate view of one's self, such as one's strengths, weaknesses, and values

Question 52

Social awareness

Answer 52

Having perspective-taking skills, empathy, and respect for diversity to effectively relate to others

Question 53

Responsible decision-making

Answer 53

Having the skills to identify problems, analyze the situation, and effectively solve problems: developing a sense of personal, moral, and ethical responsibility

Question 54

Self-management

Answer 54

Having the skills to regulate one's emotions, such as coping with impulses and stress and being motivated to set goals and provide self-discipline

Question 55

Relationship Management

Answer 55

Implementing behaviors to facilitate interpersonal relationships, such as communication skills, conflict resolution skill, and cooperative and help-seeking behaviors