Module 1: Using Science to inform classroom prinicples Flashcards
Educational Psychology
Links the science of psychology to educational practice and provides teachers with evidence-based knowledge to support their day-to-day decision-making in the classroom.
The science:
formulating theories and conducting research studies
Classroom Practices:
developing applications of current theories and research to enhance teaching and learning
Theories
sets of ideas that are used to explain a phenomenon and make predictions about behavior
What was the purpose of the study?
Design
Who was being studied?
Sample
How were the constructs of interest measured?
Measures
Variables
Events, characteristics, or behaviors that can be measured, such as age, family, divorce, medication, diagnosis.
Research Design
A method for investigating how and whether the variables selected are related.
Research Design: Descriptive
To systematically explain a situation factually and accuratley
Research Design: Correlational
To assess how changes in one variable correspond with changes in another variable
Research Design: Experimental
To establish a cause-effect relationship between variables
Research Design: Quasi-Experimental
To infer a cause-effect relationship between variables when the researchers cannot manipulate the independent variable
Case Study
Examines a single individual and creates a rich picture of that individuals psychological functioning
Ethnographic Study
Closely examines a particular group through direct participation within the group.
Cross-sectional studies
Examine two or more groups to compare behaviors
Longitudinal Studies
Examines the same group of people repeatedly over time to provide information about how behaviors change or how earlier events can be connected to later events
Sample
A smaller set of individuals from the population of interest
Random Sample
Every person in the population of interest has an equal chance of being included
Volunteer Bias
The tendency of those who choose to participate in research studies to differ in some way from those who do not participate
Observations
Watching or viewing the behavior of individuals
Interviews
Questions presented to participants.
Test and Surveys
Typically are paper-and-pencil measures that include a number of questions
Best Practices
Evidence-based strategies determined by science to help inform decisisons
Minority group
A group that is considered to have less power than another
Ethnic Group
People who share a similar culture
Culture
An environment with a unique history, traditions, rules, attitudes, and perhaps a specific language.
Racial Group
People who share common biological traits
Sex
Biological status
Gender
Socially constructed definition or internal view of one’s self
Cisgender
A person who’s sex and gender are the same
Transgender
A person who’s sex and gender are not the same
Sexual Orientation
romantic and sexual orientation
Disablity
being limited in one’s ability to perform some behaviors
Prejudice Feelings
Rigid and irrational generalizations about a group or category of people
Confirmation Bias
Tendency for people to seek evidence that confirms what they already believe to be true.
Belief Perserverance
The tendency to continue to or persevere in our beliefs when presented with contradictory evidence
Discrimination
Treating individuals differently based on prejudice feelings or biased beliefs about a particular group
