Module 5 - Analysis & Evaluation Flashcards
Describe Design-Bid-Build delivery method.
Owner contracts with A/E to produce construction docs, Owner then contracts with contractor to build. No contractual agreement between A/E and contractor, 3 options
- Competitive Bid - Multiple bidders competing for award of const. contract
- Competitive Proposal - Multiple bidders submit bid with info about experience
- Negotiation - Owner negotiates const. contract with owner-selected contractor
Describe Construction Manager at Risk (CMAR) delivery method.
Owner contracts with A/E to produce construction docs, Owner contracts with Construction manager coordinate with A/E and construction, CM contracts with subcontractors to complete trades
Typical when Owner does not have building knowledge/experience
Describe Construction Manager as Agent/Advisor (CMa) delivery method.
Construction manager acts as owner’s agent, advise on project activities, can make decisions on behalf of owner
Describe Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) delivery method.
Two groups of individuals/companies that work together to deliver work, shared financial risk/reward, early involvement
One group decides, designs and determines, the other supplies, constructs and installs
Describe Design-Build delivery method.
Owner contracts with single entity to provide design and construction services
Describe Owner-Build delivery method.
Owner is involved in construction contracting for each portion of work, retains independent A/E for design and potentially CA
What are Design-Bid-Build variations in construction documents?
- Proposal option: additional procurement documents like qualifications
- Negotiated option: procurement forms may not be used, project manual completed after negotiations have started, bids based on DD set and GMP
What are Construction Manager at Risk (CMAR) variations in construction documents?
- A/E does NOT prepare procurement docs, CMAR will
- CMAR prepares agreement forms, typically CMAR’s standard forms
- Div. 01 may be in each work package or issued as stand-alone for ALL work packages
- Div. 02-49 detail influenced by CMAR
- After issuing, all work packages combined into “Conformed Docs”
What are Construction Manager as Agent/Advisor (CMa) variations in construction documents?
- CMa does not perform in Contractor role
- Typical for multiple primer contractors
- Changes in procurement requirements and contract forms for multiple work packages
- CMa prepares agreement, procurement forms
What are Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) variations in construction documents?
- Either tripartite, multi-party, or single-purpose entity agreement
- Div. 00 by contractor
- Div. 01, 02-49 similar to other delivery methods
What are Design-Build variations in construction documents?
- Owner prepares procurement and contract docs
- Design-builder prepares procurement docs for subcontractors
- Div. 01 by design-builder or consultant
- Div. 02-49 by design-builder or consultant, level of detail can vary
What are Owner-Build variations in construction documents?
- Documents by owner, or with independent A/E
- Construction documents focus on permit requirements
- Div. 00 varies on what owner will perform vs. contractor
- Div. 01 varies with Div. 00
- Div. 02-49 may be owner specific, proprietary
What are the primary goals of evaluating systems, assemblies and materials?
Meet project requirements (owner’s requirements) and design intent
Besides design intent, what are systems, assemblies and materials evaluated against?
- Code requirements
- Climate conditions
- Constructability
- Reference standards
- Quality and costs
Identify the primary project components against which proposed systems, assemblies and materials are evaluated.
- Compliance with project requirements and design intent
- Consistency with project drawings
- Compliance with code requirements
- Compatibility with constructability and construction sequence
What is the typical series of activities for evaluation of systems, assemblies and materials?
- Evaluate major systems
- Evaluate system components
- Confirm products meet project requirements and design intent
What PRODUCT attributes should be evaluated for product performance?
- Compliance with code
- Product data
- Reference standards
- Quality and budget
What steps are taken to confirm products meet project requirements?
- Start early and progress throughout design
- Confirm products meet owner requirements
- Identify attributes required to meet design intent
- Evaluate product appropriateness
- Develop specs AFTER confirming compliance
What are the tasks to coordinate product information between the drawings and specs.
- Confirm systems/assemblies/materials are specified
- Use generic notes on drawings
- Use generic material tags on drawings
- Do not use proprietary names
- Do not define scope per trade/contractor
- Show extent of alternates, phasing, work limits
- Show scope for separate contracts
How should product information be coordinated between the drawings and specs?
- Coordinate install methods and accessories
- Coordinate terminology
- Avoid drawings generic reference to specifications “See Specifications”
What common codes govern construction projects?
Regulator requirements - codes and standards
- Eliminate products that are unreasonably hazardous/dangerous
What information is important for analyzing products for compliance with applicable codes?
Which aspects of the product are covered in code compliance evaluation
Which standard is referenced in the specifications.
What common components are evaluated when assessing interior conditions?
- Quality of building air
- Heating
- Ventilation
- Lighting
- Noise
Why is it important to evaluate material durability with interior conditions?
- Prevent from needing to be replaced too often, becoming costly maintenance
- Prevent deterioration that reduces useful like of building
- Products should IMPROVE energy efficiency, reduce energy needs
What are common components to evaluate when assessing exterior conditions?
- Wet weather events or intense storms
- Milder climates with humidity fluctuations
- High groundwater levels
- Proximity to bodies of water
- Risk of storm surges
Why is it important to evaluate material suitability with exterior conditions?
- To maintain reliable operation
- to be compatible with regional and local culture and aesthetics
How does a constructability review influence product recommendations or design modifications?
- Evaluates sequence on dates and milestones
- Utilizes overall project schedule and list of major equipment
How is it determined whether a product will meet the construction sequence requirements?
- Evaluate procurement dates and supplier deliver requirements
- Evaluate system commissioning and start up requirements
- Compare against dates and milestones for sequence
How is product data compared to determine compliance with project cost, quality and aesthetics?
- Owner sets requirements that influence selections
- A/E evaluates starting at SD, throughout design phase w/ owner requirements
What are common types of reference standards published by technical/professional societies?
- Basic material
- Product
- Design
- Workmanship
- Test method
- Codes
- Install
- Performance
- Life safety
How are reference standards incorporated into specifications?
Referring to a reference standard number, title or other designation
What are liabilities with using reference standards in specifications?
- Inadequate standards coexist with stringent ones
- Can create duplication/contradiction
- Contain embedded options
- Generally refer to minimum requirements
- Might contain undesired requirements
- Various AHJs may enforce difference editions of same standard
How are reference standard incorporated in specifications when not compatible with project requirements?
- Use reference standard and clearly define exceptions
- Write applicable requirements from reference standard into specifications
How are embedded options in reference standards chosen for appropriateness?
A/E should evaluate each choice and identify selection
If not specified, selection is forfeited to contractor
What is Value Analysis?
AKA Value Engineering
Identifies areas of potential cost savings and benefits for consideration/evaluation by project team
What project information is evaluated in the value analysis process?
- Quality
- Performance
- Schedule of products
- Budget
What factors determine adjustments based on value analysis review?
- Budget requirements and maintenance costs
- Project schedule - product review time
- Product delivery time and availability
What are the two types of warranties used in construction projects?
- Construction warranties or guarantees (cover products and workmanship)
- Warranties that cover products only
What is the purpose of construction warranties?
- Protect owner against faults, defects and failures
- Provide remedy to owner for non-conformance
- Give owner resources against additional parties
- Extend Mfg’s responsibility beyond correction period
- Allow remedy beyond normal statute of limitations
What are common exclusions and limitations of warranties?
- Warranty being exclusive remedy
- Limit scope of coverage to materials only
- Limit assignability of warranty
- Requiring owner to sign warranty document
- Limit time owner has to take legal action
- Allow warrantor to recover legal costs
- Unfair dispute resolution procedures
- Exclude installation of replacement product
What are liabilities to warranties with exclusions and limitations?
Manufacturer warranties may take away consumer protections typically included in the UCC
May restrict repairs of failures only up to original install cost, not replacement cost
How can warranties be compared to select appropriate products/systems?
- Compare clauses and conditions of several warranties
- Examine Mfg’s ability and willingness to honor its warranties (Financial backing, warrantor is same as product company)
- Determine which has been in business long enough to have long-term experience
