Module 5

Question 1

Nucleus

Answer 1

is bounded by a double membrane and contains the materials needed to control all parts of the cell.

Question 2

Replication

Answer 2

The process in which DNA can be used to make a copy of itself.

Question 3

Translation

Answer 3

the conversion of an RNA code to protein

Question 4

Reverse Transcription

Answer 4

uses RNA as a template to make DNA.

Question 5

Chromatin

Answer 5

Unspooled loose DNA strands

Question 6

Antiparallel

Answer 6

DNA strand has a double helix and one goes up while the other goes down. two strands with the same code but going opposite directions.

Question 7

What does DNA always read?

Answer 7

5’ to 3’

Question 8

Chromatin

Answer 8

when storage of genetic tissue is packed loosely. You can USE it.

Question 9

Chromosomes

Answer 9

When storage of genetic tissue is packed tightly. Not going to use it, just move or package it. DNA must be divided between 2 daughter cells.

Question 10

The Central Dogma

Answer 10

DNA—transription—-RNA—-translation—-Protein

Question 11

Retroviruses

Answer 11

using the central dogma backwards, takes RNA and builds DNA from it.

Question 12

Reverse transcription

Answer 12

Carry the code for an enzyme that converts RNA to DNA.

Question 13

DNA consists of?

Answer 13

2 antiparallel strands

Question 14

RNA consists of ?

Answer 14

1 strand

Question 15

mRNA

Answer 15

Messenger RNA. Very stable, allows for transcriptional control of protein production. Carries the coded message.

Question 16

rRNA

Answer 16

ribosomal RNA. More stable. With proteins, forms ribosomes (protein factories); small and large subunits.

Question 17

tRNA

Answer 17

transfer RNA. Also stable, “trucks” (transfers) to bring amino acids to the growing protein strand.

Question 18

Which enzyme is used to build RNA?

Answer 18

RNA Polymerase

Question 19

Intron

Answer 19

piece of DNA that is not useful and gets snipped and deleted. Garbage

Question 20

Promoter

Answer 20

site where RNA synthesis is started. Segment of DNA that will eventually code for a protein. Start transcription.

Question 21

Terminator

Answer 21

Site where RNA synthesis is stopped. Stop transcription.

Question 22

Exons

Answer 22

Good stuff. Useful in transcription.

Question 23

snRNP

Answer 23

is the RNA editor. recognizes what is and isn’t needed.

Question 24

Codon

Answer 24

a sequence of mRNA bases that codes for a protein.

Question 25

Anticodon

Answer 25

the complementary sequence of tRNA bases