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ANIMAL CHIROPRACTIC LECTURE > Module 4 exam > Flashcards

Module 4 exam Flashcards

1
Q

A disease of animals that may be transmitted to humans under natural conditions is called a ____ disease

A

zoonotic

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2
Q

a dog presents with an inability to extend the carpus and digits and has diminished feelings on the dorsum of the paw. What nerve is most likely involved?

A

radial nerve

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3
Q

what is the number one breed involved in fatal dog attacks

A

pitbull

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4
Q

a young kitten presents to your clinic for chiropractic care with a history of progressive rear limb paresis. The referring vet reports there are no significant lesions radiographically. The owner also reports to you that the kitten has stopped eating; sits hunched in a corner all day and no longer meows or purrs. The cat bit the owner’s child 2 days before and they are thinking about destroying the cat if you cannot help it. What is the best treatment option?

A

report the bite to the local authorities in your area and follow their recommendations

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5
Q

which of the following parasites can you get from walking around in sandy soil barefooted

A

canine hookworm

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6
Q

what nerve roots would have to be severed to prevent extension of the elbow in the dog

A

C8/T1

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7
Q

environmental stresses affecting an organisms ability to maintain homeostasis are primarily internal in origin. T/F

A

false

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8
Q

when assessing disorders with spinal cord compression, which size fibers are said to be affected first

A

large

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9
Q

the small muscles of the spine, the intertransversarii mm., are innervated by which of the following

A

dorsal ramus

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10
Q

cross talk also known as ephatic transmission occurs between when what two fibers are in close proximity of one another

A

two C fibers

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11
Q

damage to the median and ulnar nerves will cause which of the ofllowing

A

hyperextension of the carpus when standing

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12
Q

choose the INCORRECT match of number of thoracic vertebrae in the animal listed

A

15 - dogs

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13
Q

thoracic vertebrae in horses

A

18

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14
Q

thoracic vertebrae in feline

A

13

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15
Q

thoracic vertebrae in bovine and humans

A

12

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16
Q

which vertebrae are involved in the formation of the withers of the horse

A

T3-8

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17
Q

cranial to the anticlinal vertebrae the spinaous process tilt cranially - T/F

A

false

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18
Q

anticlinal is T11 in the dog - T/F

A

true

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19
Q

anticlinal vertebrae in the horse is

A

T15

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20
Q

the spinous process of anticlinal vertebrae is vertical. T/F

A

true

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21
Q

the spinal cord ends at __ in the horse

A

S2

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22
Q

axial flow of feed through the horse’s mouth is NOT

A

the packing of feed in various places of resistance in the back of the horse’s mouth

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23
Q

the action of feed flowing or rolling towards the back of the horse’s mouth

A

axial flow of feed

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24
Q

analogous to play dough in your hands that tapers to the back of the mouth during mastication

A

axial flow of feed

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25
Q

effected by the range of motion as lateral excursion and or not affected by simultaneous occlusion or lack thereof

A

axial flow of feed

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26
Q

trauma to which one of the following ligaments is involved with the formation of spondylosis in the dog

A

ventral longitudinal ligament

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27
Q

herniated disc lesions in the dog are most likely to occur

A

in the transitional zones of the spine

28
Q

what is the strongest and most significant of the epaxial muscles

A

longissimus m.

29
Q

the brachial plexus in the dogs is formed by nerve contributions from spinal nerves

A

C6, 7, 8, and T1

30
Q

nerve roots to peripheral nerve contribute to formation of in the horse

Axillary n

A

C7-8

31
Q

nerve roots to peripheral nerve contribute to formation of in the horse
radial nerve

A

C8, T1

32
Q

nerve roots to peripheral nerve contribute to formation of in the horse

median n

A

C8, T1-2

33
Q

when adjusting a lumbar posterior right in a dog using a mammillary contact, what is the LOC

A

PA

34
Q

sweeny is a condition in horses associated with paralysis of the muscles innervated by the ___ nerve

A

suprascapular

35
Q

can a horse bear weight on a limb if the radial nerve to that limb is severed just as it is formed from nerves C8 and T1 (proximal to the shoulder)

A

no

36
Q

imbricaiton ends at ___ in the horse

A

T15

37
Q

in class we discussed that disorders of the central nervous system will often have symptomatic manifestations in the peripheral nervous system. The term for this is

A

diaschisis

38
Q

what breeds are commonly affected by chondrodysplasia

A

pug
french bulldog
dachshund

39
Q

degenerative myelopathy is

A

a progressive deterioration of myelin and axons in the spinal cord

40
Q

early clinical signs of degenerative myelopathy

A

hind limb knuckling and ataxia

41
Q

discospondylitis is from ___ and spondylosis is ____

A

infection

degenerative condition

42
Q

___ is extrusion of the nucleus pulposus

A

hansen type 1

43
Q

gradual herniation of the annular fibers of the intervertebral disc

A

hansen type II

44
Q

occurs when fibrocartilaginous material is released from a degenerative disc

A

fibrocartilageous embolic myelopathy

45
Q

causes acute ischemic necrosis of the spinal cord

A

fibrocartilaginous embolic myelopathy

46
Q

can be a result of cushing’s disease or hypothyroidism

A

fibrocartilaginous embolic myelopathy

47
Q

a horse that is graded 3 out of 5 on a routine lameness exam is

A

consistently lame in the straight line and notable lame in the circle

48
Q

vets begin their diagnostic protocol

A

from the foot to proximal, carefully remaining selective between local nerve blocks and synovial strutures

49
Q

when flexing the hock joint and stifle joint, one must understand that

A

a PI ilium can be pushed further into subluxation when flexing the hock

an AS ilium can be pushed further into subluxation while flexing the stifle

50
Q

the equine foot lands to length and

A

flies to weight

51
Q

signs of lumbar spondylosis on a canine lateral pelvis radiograph may include

A

calcification of the ventral longitudinal ligament

osteophyte formation on the ventral aspect of 1 or more vertebrae

abnormal intervertebral disc space

52
Q

to properly assess the quality of a farrier’s work as it relates to the horses needs, one must be able to

A

ensure that the shoe is fit full to the widest part of the foot

propertly assess medial to lateral balance by evaluating the length ofthe foot from medial to lateral and how it aligns with the bony column

properly assess heel to toe balance and their proper proportions for balance being 40% toe and 60% heel

53
Q

when discussing the hoof pastern axis, one must understand that it is referring to

A

the length of a horse’s toe as it relates to the bones of the distal limb when assessing it from lateral to medial perspective

54
Q

the principle balance point is an anatomical center point around which the vast majority of shoeing changes are made. T/F

A

true

55
Q

fundamental health and sickness concepts entail all of the following except

A

our cells are innately equipped from birth with all the necessary environmental functions

56
Q

self-healing and self-regulating ecosystem

state of adaptability determines state of health/sickness

health is a state of consistent homeostatic cell function

A

fundamental health and sickness concepts

57
Q

a horse shoe should provide full support for the widest part of the foot as it is important

A

because this portion of the foot generally marks the center of articulation on the coffin joint

58
Q

in respect to blood flow through a horse’s foot, which of the following is/are true

A

venous blood is forced proximal due to contracture of the ghoof capsule and elastic structures

59
Q

the ideal equine incisor angle must be in the same plane as a line drawn between

A

the articular surface of the TML joints and the occlusal surface of the incisors

60
Q

the panniculus reflex typically disappears ___ the suspect location of the herniated IV disc

A

1-2 vertebral segments caudal to

61
Q

when is the one determining prognostic factor in the evaluation of a dog who has suffered a herniated disc or a fibrocartilagenous emboli is ___ in the affected limbs

A

the presence or abscence of deep pain

62
Q

what is usually the first palpable thoracic vertebrae in the dog

A

T2

63
Q

the ability of the jaw to extend laterally

can be limited by the malocclusion that creates pain during mastication

degree of lateral excursion will proportionally affect the axial flow of food thorugh the mouth

A

lateral excursion

64
Q

periodontal disaes in the equine is caused by

A

negative pressure that results in drifting of tetth apart

65
Q

a horse’s first reaction to a fearful situation is to

A

run

ANIMAL CHIROPRACTIC LECTURE (21 decks)

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