Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANIMAL CHIROPRACTIC LECTURE > Gait Analysis > Flashcards

Gait Analysis Flashcards

1
Q

the common name for the specific way an animal moves (quadraped)

A

gait

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

mirrored movements on both sides of the animal

walk, trot, pace

A

symmetrical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

non mirrored sides

canter, gallop

A

asymmetrical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

gaited horses

A

natural vs. learned

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

quadraped adaptations increased stride length

A

scapula being on the side of the body

flattened thorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

quadraped adaptations joint ranges of motion

A

shoulder - hinge joint rather than rotational

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

quadraped adaptations

__ is dominant bone

A

radius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

radius favors

A

stability over rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

highly muscular proximal legs and ligamentous/tendonous lower legs

A

increases reliance on passive mechanics

limb mass stays proximal near center of gravity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

ground contact in quadrapeds made with hoof or digits rather than

A

metatarsals/metacarpals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

flexibility required to catch and mainpulate prey

A

carnivores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

carnivores obtain stride length by

A

trunk flexion and extension - high energy demands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

ligaments allow standing for long periods - minimize energy expended

A

herbivores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

herbivores have mechanical joint linkage

A

mechanical energy conservation

more efficient locomotion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

thoracic limbs carry __. of static weight

A

60%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

designed to stop the animal and transfer kinetic energy

A

thoracic limbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

catch the momentum of the body

conserve energy

A

thoracic limbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

absorb the impact

store the energy with stretched ligaments

ligaments rebound and expend stored energy to create upward movement

A

thoracic limbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

motor of locomotion

driving forces

osseous articulations vs muscular articulations

thrusting muscles

A

pelvic limbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

thrusting muscles

A

capable of extension of hip, stifle and hock

saves energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

cycle of movement

A

starts in the hinquarters

swing - impact - support - extension - thrust

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

swing

A

forward movement of the limb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

support

A

weight bearing of the limb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

extension

A

creates thrust

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

thrust begins

A

when leg is vertical and continues until foot breaks gound

26
Q

supports and transfers energy forward

A

spine

27
Q

spinous mucles tense to increase

A

speed of locomotion

28
Q

the spine wags to allow the swing of

A

the hind legs in a walk

29
Q

as the hip rises with extension, the rib cage moves with it to allow

A

the opposite limb to come forward

30
Q

head and neck cycle with leg movement

A

head lifts with swing phase

drops as the leg extends and thrusts

most movement occurs in walk, then canter, least is trot

31
Q

front legs have same cycle as rear legs but the support and impact phases are

A

more important than the thrust

32
Q

Engagement can create both

A

collection and extension

33
Q

the degree to which the hind leg reaches under the body

A

engagement

34
Q

the hock has an increase in the amount of flexion

A

engagemeent

35
Q

the further the leg reaches, the longer the stride and greater the pushing power

A

engagement

36
Q

most efficient, least tiring

A

walk

37
Q

at least 2 feet on the ground at all times usually 3 feet

A

walk

38
Q

weight bearing

A

front legs

39
Q

thrust

A

rear legs

40
Q

front legs slow animal and

A

absorb shock

41
Q

minimal muscle activity walk

A

30-40%

42
Q

two beat diagonal gait

A

trot

43
Q

due to symmetry, most common gait for lameness assessment

A

trot

44
Q

3 beat gait

A

canter

45
Q

the canter lead is determined by

A

which front leg contacts the ground last before the suspension phase

46
Q

suspension phase

A

no feet contacting the ground

47
Q

horse is cantering with one lead on the front legs and the opposite lead with the back legs

A

cross canter

48
Q

staying on the left lead when traveling right and vice versa

A

counter canter

49
Q

changing leads during the suspension phase

A

flying change

50
Q

4 beat gait

A

gallop

51
Q

duration of stance phase is significantly decreased

increased ROM of all joints - especially spine

using elastic energy in both distal limbs and axial structures

A

gallop

52
Q

same rhythm as the walk, just at a faster pace - not as much swing to the back, head and neck

A

running walk

53
Q

symmetrical two beat gait

lateral pairs rather than diagonal pairs

A

pacing

54
Q

best tool for pain determination because the vertical forces on the legs are increased two fold

A

trot

55
Q

supporting leg lameness

A

pain during weight bearing

majority of lamenesses

lower limb lamenesses - 80% of the time

56
Q

swinging leg lameness

A

pain during movement of limb when not weight bearing

upper limb lameness

neurological problems

57
Q

mildly noticeable at the trot, may need to exacerbate with flexions

A

grade 1 lameness

58
Q

consistently noticeable at the trot

A

grade 2 lameness

59
Q

obvious at the trot

A

grade 3 lameness

60
Q

lame at the walk

A

grade 4 lameness

61
Q

three legged lame

A

grade 5 lameness

62
Q

down on sound

A

horses will compensate for pain by trying to move their weight away from the pain

ANIMAL CHIROPRACTIC LECTURE (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions