Module 4/5: Additional Flashcards
Class Notes
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10 Plagues
- Nile to Blood (attacked Khnum, guardian of the Nile, Hapi, spirit of the nile, and Osiris)
- Frogs (attacked Heqt, the goddess of resurrection)
- Lice
- Flies
- Pestilence (Disease)
- Boil
- Hail
- Locusts
- Darkness
- Death of 1st born Egyptian son
Atheism
the belief in NO GOD
Adonai
The Lord
God tells Moses….
Go to the Egyptians and tell them Yahweh is: “I am who I am.” Tell them “I am sent you.”
Agnosticism
not sure/can’t know/don’t know if God exists
The Ten Commandments
1-4: Vertical Relationship, Humanity’s Relationship to God
5-10: Horizontal Relationship, man’s reponsibility to family and community
Abraham
- virtued a symbol of faith in Christianity
- Islam views him as the founder of Judaism
- many descedents of Abraham were patriarchs, or male leaders.
Moses
“lawgiver”
- first 5 books of the Bible are dedicated to Moses.
- Book of Moses: Torah
- Prophets: Samuel, Isaiah, Micah
Kings: Saul, David, Solomon
The Call of Abraham
followed the path of the Ferticle Crescent
What holiday celebrates The Exodus?
Passover
Name Major Events from 1000BC to 4BC.
- David rules from Jerusalem (1000 BC)
- Solomon rulers Israel and build the temple (900-925)
- Assyrian Empire destroys Israel (800-701)
- Jerusalem is destroyed (586-581) Nebuchadnezzar destroys Jerusalem; destroys the temple; Babylonian captivity, and the Diaspora begins.
- Jews return and rebuild the temple (500-401 BCE)
- Jews enjoyed little political independence as a series of empires dominated the Middle East (400-4BC)
Who dominated palestine?
Persians, Greeks, and Romans
Intertestamental Period
- Greek translation of the Jewish Bible to Septuagint (280 BC)
- Maccabean Revolt against Anticocus IV (celebrated by Hannukah)
Before The Great Divide:
- Temple was the center
- powered by priests
- Torah only
- monarchy was hopeful
- Biblical Judaism
- Sacrifices = Day of Atonement
After the Great Divide:
- Synagogues
- The Rabbis
- The Diaspora (scattering)
- Torah AND Talmud
- Rabbinical Judaism
- Fasting = Yom Kippur
5 Books of the Torah
- Genesis - Origins
- Exodus - departure
- Leviticus - Religions
- Numbers - wanderings
- Deuteronomy - second law
ESSENTIALS OF CHRISTIANITY
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- Jesus was the Messiah
- Hebrew; Messiah = Anointed One
- Messiah was a prophet-priest-king to the Hebrews
- Greek; Anointed One = Christ
- Jesus Christ = Jesus is the Messiah
- Jesus was the Son of God
- Son of God = Divine Being = “The ONE AND ONLY Son”
- Incarnation - “in the flesh” -> celebrated by Christmas
- The Trinity - God is “Three in ONe” (Father, Son, Holy Spirit)
- Jesus = “God in the flesh”
- Jesus was the savior of the world.
- early idea: Jesus was a lamb.
- sin = death
- sacrifice a lamb for the Day of Atonement
- crucifixion/execution: challenged the political and religious status Quo (“Good Friday”)
- Jesus is risen from the dead
- Itchus = Greek, fish, hung on doors as a Christian symbol (“Jesus Christ God Son Saviour”)
- Easter = celeberation
- Jesus is coming again
- Judgement Day
- Revelation, Apocalypse, Armageddon
The New Testament = _____
New Covenant
What is different about the 4 books? (Matthew, Mark, Luke, John)
They are told the same events in different perspectives.
COMPARATIVE RELIGIONS CHART
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Where was the House of Yahweh built?
Mount Moriah
- was the focal point of Israelite religion
Who took control of Judah?
Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar
Who announced to Muhammad that he was the “messenger of God”?
angel GABRIEL
What is different about the Koran?
The Koran has differences as it marks Ishmael (Israel) as the favored son rather than Issac, and marks the moral failings of David and Solomon. Jesus is also exalted as a righteous prophet, but is thought to be born on a virgin, not as the Son of God.
____ eventually became the holiest sites of the Islamic religion.
Mecca and Medina
Sarai
“aka Sarah”. the wife of Abraham, who couldn’t bore sons with Abraham. The Lord told Abraham that the promised would not be fulfilled until a son was borne under the wife of Abraham (Sarai), not under Hagar. She later gives birth to the second son, Israel. The name Sarah represents “princess.”
Hagar
A handmaid of Abraham and Sarai, who gave birth to Ishmael, the first son.
Emperor Tirbus
A young rabbi (Jewish scholar) who walked out of Judean wilderness and began proclaiming to all who would listen that the kingdom of God was at hand
Constantine
An emperor who, after a stunning military victory that he attributed to the Christian god, eventually making Christianity the main religion of Rome.
Abu Bakr
Muhammad’s successor, who set out to expand Islam’s domain by invading Persia and conquering modern-day Iraq. He then conqured Syria and the Holy Land, which were part of the Byzantine Empire.
JUDAISM VIDEO
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Who destroyed Israel? Who destroyed the temple?
- Assyrians
- Babylonians
Pentateuch
The utterance of fifteen prophets were added with historical writings to produce a second collection of Jewish scripture, which was called the Pentateuch.
When was the Second Temple destroyed? Why?
the Second Temple was destroyed after the Jewish revolted against the Roman rulers, and after four years of bloody warfare, the Second Temple and Jerusalem were destroyed.
Talmud
the Tamlud was a series of discussions, cases, precedents, of how to interpret and apply Mishna’s understanding of the biblical law to new situations. It is consisted of three million words, covering the entire gamut of religious and civil life, including anecdotes and legends.
What is the most important holiday in Jewish culture?
The Sabbath, once a week, where the Jew devotes himself to his community and his God. He is cut off from labor and worries that afflict the person for the 6 days o the week. The family is together with food, sing Sabbath songs, and attend worships in the synagogue. It is also a time of study for the Jewish lives.
What are the three Pilgrimage Festivals?
- Passover, celebrating the Exodus
- Feast of Weeks, 50 days after Passover, celebrating the first fruits of the early summer
- Feast of Booths/Tabernacles, commemorating wanderings of children in the wilderness
Rosh Hashannah
The religious new year of the Jews, Jews seeking to ask god and seek to begin a new year with a clean slate.
What does Hannukah celebrate?
Hanukkah is a time for joy, celebrating the first victory for religious liberty in recorded history, found in the Apocrypha in the first and second books of Maccabee.
Yom Kippur
The Day of Atonement
what does the Purim celebrate?
Emancipation of Jews from the tyranny of a despot who destroyed the Jews, not written in the Torah, but in Hebrew scriptures
When did the modern state of Israel come into being?
1948
