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AACCH Honors (9) > AF Module 1: Mastering a Continent > Flashcards

AF Module 1: Mastering a Continent Flashcards

1
Q

AF1.1

A

.

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2
Q

Who was the first man and woman of Africa?

A

Man: Kikuyu
Woman: Mumbi

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3
Q

What does the story of Kikuyu and Mumbi tell?

A

mountains and ridges

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4
Q

Which is the great Mountain in Africa? What is unusual about this mountain?

A

Mount Kilimanjaro of Tanzania
- Mount Kilimanjaro stands on the Equator, but because of the mountain’s great height, its summit is covered in snow all year.

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5
Q

Africa is the _____ largest continent.

A

2nd

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6
Q

Africa contains more ______ states than any other continent on Earth - 55 in all

A

INDEPENDENT states

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7
Q

Africa straddles the _____

A

equator

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8
Q

What is to the West and East of Africa? What about the North and Northeast?

A

West: Atlantic
East: Indian
North: Mediterranean
Northeast: Red Sea

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9
Q

Although _____ set Africa apart from other regions, they also link it to the rest of the world. Explain.

A

OCEANS
- ships sailed along the Mediterranean and Red Sea. These ships carried people, ideas, and goods.

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10
Q

North Africa stretches from ______ in the West to _____ in the East.

A

Morroco; Egypt
- because of its location, it always had close contact with Europe and the Middle East
- it is also closely linked to the regions of the south of the Sahara, also called sub-Saharan Africa.

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11
Q

The region of Southern Africa includes ____

A

the Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean

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12
Q

Most of Africa is

A

a vast plateau

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13
Q

The highest plateaus of Africa are in

A

the East and South

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14
Q

Escarpments

A

steep hills that divide the plateau from the coastal plain

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15
Q

Changes in elevation affect ______

A

the course of Africa’s rivers

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16
Q

Cataracts

A

large waterfalls, and rapids

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17
Q

Great Rift Valley

A

runs through the Eastern part of the continent
- runs from the Red Sea to the Zamebi River

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18
Q

What region contains some of Africa’s most fertile farmland?

A

Great Rift Valley

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19
Q

What are Africa’s rivers used for?

A

they provide fish, water for irrigation, and a means of transportation.
- They are also a source of hydroelectric production, or energy produced by moving water.

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20
Q

How did the Nile have a key role in human development?

A

one of the earliest civilizations developed in the fertile Nile Valley of northeastern Africa.

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21
Q

What is a split in the African continent?

A

The Rift

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22
Q

FIll in the blanks:

____ has deposited rich soil in the base of the Rift Valley. _____ has created mountains, such as Mount Kilimanajro and Mount Kenya.

A
  • erosion
  • volcanic activity
23
Q

How does the rift zone support economic activities?

A
  • Volcanic soil provides fertile farmland.
  • Lake Tanganyika and Lake Malawi, two of the Earth’s deepest lakes, are sources of salt and soda ash.
  • Steam and hot springs lie below the surface of the valley.
24
Q

The volcanic ash is a good agent for ____

A

preserving bones

25
Q

Explain the significance of the Aswan Dam.

A

created by the Egyptians in 1970,
- supplies hydroelectric power
- created a vast lake that stores water for irrigation

26
Q

Congo River

A
  • many tributaries
  • carries enormous volume of water
  • hydroelectric power
  • not much transportation
27
Q

Niger River

A
  • pump water to irrigate rice and millet
  • catch fish
  • larger riverboats carry cargo
28
Q

Zambezi River

A
  • rushes over Victoria Falls
  • provides border between Zimbabwe and Zambia
  • provides hydroelectric power to both nations
29
Q

What are some natural resources Africa has that are exported?

A

minerals and metals
- West Africa: Gold
- DR Congo and Zambia: Copper
- Nigeria, Angola: oil deposits
- platinum, cobalt

30
Q

Describe Uganda and its stand in exports.

A

few mineral resources, but rich in soils and abundant water
- Ugandan farmers produce a variety of crops

31
Q

______ makes farming in Africa difficult.

A

Uncontrolled rain

32
Q

AF1.2

A

.

33
Q

What determines the climate of Africa?

A

rainfall
- Indeed, people of Botswana consider rainfall so important and call their money ‘pula,’ which means rain.

34
Q

What percent of Africa is tropics?

A

80%
- Africa is between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.

35
Q

The coolest regions of Africa are found in ______. Explain.

A

HIGHLANDS
- temperatures drop as elevation increases

36
Q

Seasons vary ________.

A

north and south of the Equator.
- father north or south from the Equator, the shorter the rainy period and longer the dry season is.

37
Q

Because of _____, almost every type of _____ can be found in Africa.

A
  • size
  • climate and vegetation
38
Q

Name the types of climates in Africa.

A
  • tropical wet
  • tropical wet and dry
  • desert
  • Mediterranean
39
Q

rain forests cover _____

A

8% of Africa.
- hot and humid
- soil is very poor
- many disease-carrying insects
- dampness can cause items to become moldy and rot.

40
Q

Savanna

A

covers half of Africa
- like a home to most Africans
- mostly hot and wet

41
Q

Population growth causes serious problems in drier parts of the ____.

A

SAVANNA
- people seeking land move into semiarid areas, and chop down trees to develop Africa’s socieities.
- this leads to desertification, or the turning of semidesert land into desert.

42
Q

Describe the Kalahari and Namib Deserts compared to the Sahara.

A
  • The Kalahari is not as dry as Sahara.
  • The Namib Desert is one of the driest places on Earth.
43
Q

Describe some of Africa’s most deadly diseases.

A
  • Malaria: spread by mosquitos killing up to 1 million children yearly
  • Sleeping sickness: carried by tsetse fly, infects both people and livestock. Many Africans have little meat in their diet as this disease kills cows.
  • River blindness: losing sight
  • Bilharzia: transmitted by snails and parasitic worms, when people swim in streams where snails are
44
Q

Where are the most populated areas of Africa?

A
  • southern part of West Africa
  • (Morroco, Algeria, Nile Vlley)
45
Q

5 types of societies

A
  1. farming
  2. herding
  3. fishing
  4. hunting, food gathering
  5. urban
46
Q

Deserts cover

A

40 percent of Africa.

47
Q

Describe how we can learn about the early movement of African people by studying the language.

A

Arabs from the Middle East traded with local African people.
- result was a new language, Swahili, which is spoken by many people in East Africa today.

48
Q

AF1.3

A

.

49
Q

Where does the Sahara’s name come from?

A

Arabic word for “tan,” the color of desert

50
Q

Sahel

A

the Sahara’s southern sub-desert fringe
- originates from the Arabic word for “shore.”

51
Q

___ and ___ have significantly shaped African economic development.

A

Geography and climate
- In eastern African plains, the humans hunted wild animals, while the drier regions favored herdin. Wetter savanna regions encouraged grain-based agriculture. Tropical rainforests favored hunting and gathering.

52
Q

Ethiopians

A

the ancient Greeks called the people who lived south of the Sahara Ethiopians
- means “people with burnt faces”

53
Q

The Berbers

A
  • termed as “Akal-n-Iquinawen,” which serves today as Guinea.
  • Arabs used term “Bilad al-Sudan,” which survives as Sudan.
  • The Berber and Arab terms both mean “land of the blacks.”

AACCH Honors (9) (14 decks)

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