Module 37, 38, 39 & 41: Genetics Flashcards
Who decided to study seven characteristics of garden pea plants through controlled experiments?
Gregor Mendel was an Austrian Monk
What was Mendel experiment?
Normally pea plants are self fertilizing
But he cross pollinated plants himself
Mendel worked with thousands of plants over a period of eight years
What were the 7 characteristics Mendel was looking at?
Seed color, Seed shape, Pod color, Pod shape, Flower color, Flower position, & Stem length
Mendel’s work led to the discovery that traits such as flower color are caused by different versions of the same gene called?
Alleles
These alleles can be found at specific locations on the chromosome called?
Loci
What does it mean to be Dominant?
One of the alleles is dominant, it masks the expression of the other gene. So it completely hides the other gene.
What is a Phenotype?
A phenotype is an individual’s observable traits, such as height, eye color, and blood type.
The three different possible combinations of alleles, PP, Pp and pp describe a plants genetic composition is called what?
Genotype
When two dominant alleles are present (PP), the organism is said to be?
Homozygous dominant
When one dominant and one recessive allele is present (Pp), the organism is said to be?
Heterozygous
When two recessive alleles are present (pp), the organism is said to be?
Homozygous recessive
The ratio from the Punnett square is called?
phenotypic ratio.
Mendel’s Law of Inheritance
- Alleles segregate during meiosis
- This is NOT a “blending” theory
- Progeny has an equal chance of receiving either allele
The alternate version of a gene?
Allele
What is a Diploid?
2 copies of each 23 chromosomes
