Module 14: Eukaryotic Cells

Question 1

nucleolus

Answer 1

synthesize ribosomal RNA

Question 2

nucleus

Answer 2

The control center of the cell. Also stores genetic information

Question 3

rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)

Answer 3

Where protein are assembled

Question 4

smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)

Answer 4

involved in lipid synthesis, calcium storage, metabolism of carbohydrates, and the breakdown of toxic substances.

Question 5

mitochondria

Answer 5

Powerhouse of the cell. Site of most ATP production

Question 6

ribosome

Answer 6

Protein synthesis

Question 7

Golgi apparatus

Answer 7

Packs into vesciles & modifies content from Endoplasmic Reticulum. “Post Office” tags molecules according to its destination.

Question 8

peroxisome

Answer 8

An organelle that breaks down toxins and produces hydrogen peroxide.

Question 9

food vacuole

Answer 9

Vacuole containing material to be broken down and absorbed by the cell; result of (usually) phagocytosis.

Question 10

lysosome

Answer 10

Vesicle in the cell that digests and breaks down food and unwanted particles.

Question 11

central vacuole

Answer 11

A large vacuole found only in plant cells.

Question 12

chloroplast

Answer 12

Organelle that contains chlorophyll and carries out photosynthesis.

Question 13

Centrosome

Answer 13

Form Mitotic/Meiotic spindle. In animal cells only

Question 14

Centriole

Answer 14

2 pieces that form the centrosome

Question 15

Cell Wall

Answer 15

is a strong, ridge structure outside the plasma membrane that provides support, protection and structure to the cell.

Question 16

Plasmodesmata

Answer 16

are gaps in the cell walls of adjacent plant cells that allow cell-to-cell communication.

Question 17

4 common features that almost all eukaryotic cells have in common?

Answer 17

1. Plasma Membrane: A Barrier between cellular contents and the environment.
2. Nucleus: The “Control Center” contains genetic material.
3. Organelles: Perform cellular functions :energy generation, transport, digestion etc.
4. Cytoplasm: Aqueous solution containing nutrients.

Question 18

What is not present in Plant Cells?

Answer 18

Food Vacuole, Lysosome, Centrosome & Centriole

Question 19

What is not present in Animal Cells?

Answer 19

Cell Wall, Central vacuole, Chroloroplast & Plasmodesmata.