Module 3 Unit 1

Question 1

What is the embryonic period?

Answer 1

The stage during which the three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm) develop into specific tissues and organs.

Question 2

What does ‘Ect/o-‘ mean?

Answer 2

Outside/out

Question 3

What does ‘Mes/o-‘ refer to?

Answer 3

Middle or midline

Question 4

What does ‘Endo-‘ signify?

Answer 4

Within

Question 5

What does ‘Derm/o-‘ mean?

Answer 5

Skin or layer

Question 6

What comprises the axial skeleton?

Answer 6

Skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum.

Question 7

From what does the axial skeleton develop?

Answer 7

Paraxial mesoderm, neural crest cells, and other mesodermal layers.

Question 8

What does the appendicular skeleton include?

Answer 8

Limbs and girdles (shoulder and pelvic).

Question 9

How does the appendicular skeleton develop?

Answer 9

From limb buds that arise from the lateral plate mesoderm.

Question 10

What is the combining form for embryo?

Answer 10

Embry/o

Question 11

What does ‘Appendic/o’ refer to?

Answer 11

Appendix, appendage

Question 12

What does ‘Oste/o’ mean?

Answer 12

Bone

Question 13

What does ‘Ect/o-‘ indicate in embryology?

Answer 13

Outside/outer

Question 14

What does ‘Crani/o’ refer to?

Answer 14

Brain/head

Question 15

What does ‘Cephal/o’ mean?

Answer 15

Head

Question 16

What does ‘Scler/o’ mean?

Answer 16

Hard/sclera

Question 17

What does ‘Neur/o’ refer to?

Answer 17

Nerve

Question 18

What does ‘Membran/o’ signify?

Answer 18

Membrane

Question 19

What does ‘Chondr/o’ mean?

Answer 19

Cartilage

Question 20

What does ‘Viscer/o’ refer to?

Answer 20

Internal organs

Question 21

What does the prefix ‘Intra-‘ mean?

Answer 21

Within

Question 22

What does ‘Endo-‘ signify as a prefix?

Answer 22

Within

Question 23

What does the prefix ‘A-‘ indicate?

Answer 23

Without/absence of

Question 24

What does ‘Micro-‘ mean?

Answer 24

Small

Question 25

What does the prefix ‘Epi-‘ mean?

Answer 25

On/upon/over

Question 26

What does ‘Inter-‘ signify?

Answer 26

Between

Question 27

What does ‘An-‘ mean?

Answer 27

Without/absence of

Question 28

What does ‘Hypo-‘ indicate?

Answer 28

Below/under

Question 29

What does ‘Syn-‘ mean?

Answer 29

Together/fusion

Question 30

What does the suffix ‘-fication’ denote?

Answer 30

Process of making or becoming

Question 31

What does the suffix ‘-ite’ refer to?

Answer 31

Component/segment

Question 32

What does ‘-ous’ signify in medical terminology?

Answer 32

Pertaining to

Question 33

What does ‘-derm’ mean?

Answer 33

Skin or layer

Question 34

What does the suffix ‘-tome’ denote?

Answer 34

Instrument used to cut

Question 35

What does the suffix ‘-ar/-ary’ signify?

Answer 35

Pertaining to

Question 36

What does the suffix ‘-ostosis’ mean?

Answer 36

Formation or bone growth

Question 37

What does ‘Cephalad’ refer to?

Answer 37

Toward the head

Question 38

What is a myotome?

Answer 38

The part of a somite that gives rise to skeletal muscle.

Question 39

What does ‘Epimere’ refer to?

Answer 39

The dorsal portion of myotomes that forms epaxial muscles.

Question 40

What is a hypomere?

Answer 40

The ventral portion of myotomes that forms hypaxial muscles.

Question 41

What are myoblasts?

Answer 41

Precursor cells that fuse to form multinucleated muscle fibers during muscle development.

Question 42

What are intercalated discs?

Answer 42

Specialized connections between cardiac muscle cells that facilitate synchronized contraction.

Question 43

What are neural crest cells (NCC)?

Answer 43

Cells that contribute to various structures, including parts of the skull and peripheral nervous system.