Module 3: Counseling Basics

Question 1

Motivational Interviewing

Answer 1

A patient-centered, directive method of enhancing intrinsic motivation to change

Question 2

Person Centered Therapy

Answer 2

Talk therapy where the client is responsible for improving their life, they decide what is wrong and what should be done about it

Question 3

Discuss the Pros and the Cons of Person-Centered Therapy

Answer 3

• Pros: Client-led – they are more likely to participate because they decide what the problems/solutions are. It teaches them how to manage issues on their own as well.
• Cons: Because it’s led by the client, they don’t have the same boundaries of time like other types of therapy so it can take a long time.

Question 4

Define Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Answer 4

• Basic Principle: most emotional and behavioral reactions are learned and they can be unlearned or changed
• Practitioner agrees w/ client, gives them unconditional positive regard, and is empathetic to them.

Question 5

Waiting List Effect

Answer 5

• Control group during a study
• After they get the benefit of the study
• Sometimes they will change on their own while they are waiting (doesn’t happen often)

Question 6

Why Do People Change

Answer 6

• Natural change
• Brief Intervention Effects
• Waiting List Effects
• Faith/Hope Effects
• Counselor Effects

Question 7

Carl Rogers’ Client Centered Approach

Answer 7

• Build a strong relationship w/ client
• Accurate Empathy
• Non-Possessive Warmth
• Genuineness

Question 8

Communication Styles

Answer 8

• Following
• Listen
• Directing: Answer and take charge
• Guiding: Combining better qualities of following and directing

Question 9

Core Communication Skills

Answer 9

• Asking
• Listening
• Informing

Question 10

Asking (Core Communication Skills)

Answer 10

Develop an understanding of

the person’s problems

Question 11

Listening (Core Communication Skills)

Answer 11

-Check on whether you
understand the person’s
meaning correctly
-Lets the person know what
they are saying is important

Question 12

Informing (Core Communication Skills)

Answer 12

A primary way of conveying knowledge

Question 13

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Answer 13

• Looking for inaccurate feelings that cause negative feelings
• Cycle: Thoughts create feelings -> feelings create behaviors -> behavior reinforces thoughts (restarts)

Question 14

The Abstinence Violation Effect

Answer 14

-Cycle: Restrict -> binge -> guilt (restart)

Question 15

Cognitive Distortions

Answer 15

• Polarized Thinking
  
  • “I am a failure vs I failed my goal”
• Labeling
• Catastrophizing
• Emotional Reasoning
• Disqualifying the Positive

Question 16

The 3 C’s of Cognitive Therapy

Answer 16

• Catch the thought that came before the emotion
• Check how accurate and useful the thought is
• Change the thought to a more accurate or helpful one as needed