Module 25 Vocabulary

Question 1

: continued substance caring and use despite significant Life disruption and/or physical risk

Answer 1

Substance use disorder

Question 2

: a chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods

Answer 2

Psychoactive drug

Question 3

: the diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of aa drug, requiring the user to take lager doses before experiencing the drug’s effect

Answer 3

Tolerance

Question 4

: compulsive craving of drugs or certain behaviors (ugh as gambling) despite known adverse consequences

Answer 4

Addiction

Question 5

: the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing an addictive drug or behavior

Answer 5

Withdrawal

Question 6

: drugs (such as alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates) that reduce natural activity and slow body functions

Answer 6

Depressants

Question 7

: (popularly known as alcoholism) alcohol use marked by tolerance, withdrawal, and a desire to continue problematic use.

Answer 7

Alcohol use disorder

Question 8

: drugs that depress central nervous system activity, reducing anxiety but impairing judgement and memory

Answer 8

Barbiturates

Question 9

: opium and its derivatives such as morphine and heroine; they depress neural activity temporarily lessening pain and anxiety

Answer 9

Opiates

Question 10

: drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, and the more powerful amphetamines, cocaine, ecstasy, and methamphetamine) that excite neural activity and speed up the body functions

Answer 10

Stimulants

Question 11

: drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes

Answer 11

Amphetamines

Question 12

: A stimulating and highly addictive psychoactive drug in tobacco

Answer 12

Nicotine

Question 13

: a powerful and addictive stimulate, derived from the coca plant, producing temporarily increased alertness and ephoria

Answer 13

Cocaine

Question 14

: a powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, with speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels

Answer 14

Methamphetamine

Question 15

: a synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen. Produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short term health risks and long term harm to serotonin-producing neurons and to mood and cognition

Answer 15

Ecstasy (MDMA)

Question 16

: psychedelic (“mind-manifesting”) drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input

Answer 16

Hallucinogens

Question 17

: a powerful hallucinogenic drug; also known as acid

Answer 17

LSD

Question 18

: an altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death (such as cardiac arrest) often similar to drug induced hallucinations

Answer 18

Near death experience

Question 19

: the major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects, including mind hallucinations

Answer 19

THC

Question 20

Dreams provide a “psychic safety valve”- expressing otherwise unacceptable feelings; contain manifest (remembered) content and a. Deeper layer of latent content- a hidden meaning
Criticisms:
Lacks scientific support; dreams may be interpreted in many different ways

Answer 20

Freud’s wish-fulfillment

Question 21

Dreams help us sort out the days evente and consolidate our memories
Criticisms:
By why do we sometime dream about things we have not yet experienced?

Answer 21

Information-processing

Question 22

Regular brain stimulation from R.E.M. Sleep may help develop and preserve neural pathways
Criticisms:
This does not explain why we experience meaningful dreams

Answer 22

Physiological function

Question 23

R.E.M. sleep triggers neural activity that evokes random visual memories which our sleeping brain weaves into stories
Criticisms:
The individuals brain is weaving the stories, which still tells us something about the dreamer

Answer 23

Neural activation

Question 24

Dream content reflects dreamers cognitive development- their knowledge and understanding
Criticisms:
Does not address the neuroscience of dreams

Answer 24

Cognitive development

Question 25

Depressant
Effects: Initial high followed by relaxation and disinhibition
Depression, memory loss, organ damage, impaired reactions

Answer 25

Alcohol

Question 26

Depressant

Effects: rush of euphoria, relief from pain, depresses physiology, agonizing withdrawal

Answer 26

Heroin

Question 27

Stimulant
Effects: increased alertness and wakefulness, anxiety, restlessness, and insomnia in high doses, uncomfortable withdrawal

Answer 27

Caffeine

Question 28

Stimulant

Effects: Euphoria, alertness, energy, irritability, insomnia, hypertension, seizures

Answer 28

Meth

Question 29

Stimulant

Effects: rush of euphoria, confidence, energy, cardiovascular stress, suspiciousness, depressive crash

Answer 29

Cocaine

Question 30

Stimulant

Effects: arousal and relaxation, sense of well-being, heart disease, cancer

Answer 30

Nicotine

Question 31

Stimulant, mild hallucinogen
Effects: emotional elevation, disinhibition, dehydration, overheating, depressed mood, impaired cognitive and immune functioning

Answer 31

Ecstasy (MDMA).

Question 32

Mild hallucinogen
Effects: enhanced sensation, relief of pain, distortion of time, relaxation, impaired learning and memory, increased risk of psychological disorders, lung damage from smoke

Answer 32

Marijuana