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TM129: Networking > Module 20: Troubleshoot Common Network Problems > Flashcards

Module 20: Troubleshoot Common Network Problems Flashcards

1
Q

here we may see

  1. Cables which are not connected
  2. Cables connected to the wrong port
  3. Loose cable connections
  4. Damaged cables and connectors
  5. Use of the wrong type of cable
A

using

sight

name 5 types of layer 1 (physical) problems might we encounter

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2
Q

when troubleshooting a wired or wireless issue

what 3 steps can we take using ping to verify proper communication

A

here we can:

  1. Ping from a wireless client to the default gateway. This verifies if the wireless client is connecting as expected.
  2. Ping from a wired client to the default gateway. This verifies if the wired client is connecting as expected.
  3. Ping from the wireless client to a wired client. This verifies if the wireless router is functioning as expected.
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3
Q

using

smeel and taste, touch and sound

how might we discover

layer 1 (physical)

problems

A
  1. smell and taste
    1. can you smell or taste any burning or overheating components
  2. touch
    1. is there a lack of vibration or too much vibration this could indicate a cooling fan is not running or running to fast perhaps something else is causing excessive vibration
  3. sound
    1. can you hear any clicking or whirling from the device or unfamiliar sounds this may signal a component is damaged or working incorectly
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4
Q

when documenting

previous troubleshooting

what information could we include

A

here we can include information about if the problem occured before. is there any documentation

specifically we may include

  1. Steps taken
  2. Results achieved
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5
Q

what is

ipconfig

used for

A

this command is used to view current IP configurations. this is a handy tool for knowing if a host has an ip address or other IP configurations

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6
Q

describe the command

nslookup host name | IP address

A

will make a query to the DNS server about the host name or IP address

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7
Q

the information we would include here is found by questioning end users about any symptoms or error messages seen

A

when including the

nature of the problem

in the documentation what information might we include

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8
Q

describe the

top-down troubleshooting method

A

this approach is best employed when it is suspected that an application is causing the issue and so determining the problem in the application would be the first step

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9
Q

when including the

nature of the problem

in the documentation what information might we include

A

the information we would include here is found by questioning end users about any symptoms or error messages seen

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10
Q

display detailed IP configuration. including DHCP, DNS server and MAC address

A

describe the command

ipconfig /all

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11
Q

this involves comparing a non working device with a working one and assesssing differences such as configurations, software version, installed hardware. the non working system can then be configured identically to the working one. this approach may work in solving the problem but may not reveal the root cause

A

describe the

comparison / spot the difference troubleshooting method

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12
Q

displays all connections and listening ports

A

describe the command

netstat -a

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13
Q

when a

networking problem arises

what are the first 3 steps to take

A

the steps include:

  1. confirm if there is really a problem
  2. asses what areas of the network have been affected
  3. start taking documentation
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14
Q

name 4 technical cable problems that could arise

A

these include:

  1. straight through vs crossover
  2. correct termination T568A vs T568B
  3. cable length
  4. is the correct port being used
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15
Q

describe the

substitution / swap-the-component troubleshooting method

A

this simply involves swapping out a device with a working device if the problem persists then it can be assumed that the problem lies elsewhere

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16
Q

this command can be used to trace the path that a packet takes from the source to a destination. this command can be usefull when ping has failed since it can be seen exactly where the packet failed to be routed and in turn did not acheive communication

A

what is

tracert

useful for

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17
Q

when making

the initial documentation

what 4 peices of information might we include

A

this may include:

  1. nature of the problem
  2. equipment
  3. configuration and topology
  4. previous troubleshooting
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18
Q

describe the

bottom-up troubleshooting method

A

this involves working from the bottom of the OSI model and working your way up. this approach typically works best when it is suspected that physical equipment has failed (EXAMPLE: if the NIC lights are flashing then it can be assumed that layer 1 (physical) layer is not where the problem lies and so we can move up to layer 2)

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19
Q

describe the command

ipconfig /all

A

display detailed IP configuration. including DHCP, DNS server and MAC address

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20
Q

if pinging a remote server or local host appears to be working then it can be assumed that there are no problems on the layer 3 (network) and it is time to move up.

a device which deals with and might cause problems at the layer 4 (transport) is a firewall. it may be configured to block specific TCP or UDP packets such as TCP 80 which is HTTP traffic if this were being inspected and blocked by source then you would not receive any HTTP traffic

A

describe a scnenario where you might encounter a

layer 4 (transport)

problem while troubleshooting

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21
Q

will make a query to the DNS server about the host name or IP address

A

describe the command

nslookup host name | IP address

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22
Q

describe the

comparison / spot the difference troubleshooting method

A

this involves comparing a non working device with a working one and assesssing differences such as configurations, software version, installed hardware. the non working system can then be configured identically to the working one. this approach may work in solving the problem but may not reveal the root cause

How well did you know this?
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23
Q

describe the command

ipconfig /release

A

this will release all current IP configurations if they were configured dynamically

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24
Q

when documenting the

equipment

involved in the problem where might we look for information and what information might we include

A

when documenting this we can look at log files and documentation. documentation may reveal recent changes

the information we can include in the documentation are

  1. Manufacturer
  2. Make / model
  3. Firmware version
  4. Operating system version
  5. Ownership / warranty information
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25
Q

describe the command

nslookup

A

will show the DNS configuration for the host. and enter the nslookup programme

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26
Q

the default maximum hops that tracert will use is 30. this command can be used to increase the number of hops it seraches for

A

describe the command

tracert ip address | host name -h maximum_hops

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27
Q

this involves working from the bottom of the OSI model and working your way up. this approach typically works best when it is suspected that physical equipment has failed (EXAMPLE: if the NIC lights are flashing then it can be assumed that layer 1 (physical) layer is not where the problem lies and so we can move up to layer 2)

A

describe the

bottom-up troubleshooting method

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28
Q

display basic IP configuration information

A

describe the command

ipconfig

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29
Q

describe a scnenario where you might encounter a

layer 4 (transport)

problem while troubleshooting

A

if pinging a remote server or local host appears to be working then it can be assumed that there are no problems on the layer 3 (network) and it is time to move up.

a device which deals with and might cause problems at the layer 4 (transport) is a firewall. it may be configured to block specific TCP or UDP packets such as TCP 80 which is HTTP traffic if this were being inspected and blocked by source then you would not receive any HTTP traffic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

describe the

educated guess / shoot from the hip troubleshooting method

A

this is an approach for more experienced technicians and relies on past kowledge to take a guess at where the problem lies

31
Q

what is

tracert

useful for

A

this command can be used to trace the path that a packet takes from the source to a destination. this command can be usefull when ping has failed since it can be seen exactly where the packet failed to be routed and in turn did not acheive communication

32
Q

describe the command

tracert ip address | host name

A

this will send 3 packets with a time to live set for each router. when a router receives a packet that has a time to live of 0 then it will drop the packet and return information about itself to the source

33
Q

describe the command

ipconfig /renew

A

this will ask the DHCP server for new IP configurations. if a new IP address is not given this could point to problems at a lower level or a problem with the DHCP server

34
Q

this command is used to view current IP configurations. this is a handy tool for knowing if a host has an ip address or other IP configurations

A

what is

ipconfig

used for

35
Q

what is a consideration to take into account when pinging a domain name

A

when pinging a domain name and there is no reply it is wise to ping the IP address if known. this is because when pinging a domain name a DNS lookup must occur if this method fails it could point to a DNS problem

36
Q

these include:

  1. straight through vs crossover
  2. correct termination T568A vs T568B
  3. cable length
  4. is the correct port being used
A

name 4 technical cable problems that could arise

37
Q

this approach takes the documentation into account and from there making an educated choice as to where to start troubleshooting in the OSI model

EXAMPLE:

if you started troubleshooting at layer 3 (transport layer) and found that you cannot get an ip address then you would move down the OSI model however if this layer works correctly it can beassumed lower levels do aswell and so you move up

A

describe the

divide and conqeur troubleshooting method

38
Q

this command is used to view current network statistics such as current connections with other hosts. this command could reveal connections to your host which should not be there this may indicate that someone is connected to your host when they shouldnt be

A

what is

netstat

usefull for

39
Q

once initial documentation has been taken what is the next step

A

starting the process of troubleshooting would be the next step after this

40
Q

starting the process of troubleshooting would be the next step after this

A

once initial documentation has been taken what is the next step

41
Q

this command is used to directly make a query to a dns server

A

what is

nslookup

useful for

42
Q

this will release all current IP configurations if they were configured dynamically

A

describe the command

ipconfig /release

43
Q

this will send an echo request packet to the ip address or domain name

A

describe the command

ping ip-address | domain name

44
Q

describe the

divide and conqeur troubleshooting method

A

this approach takes the documentation into account and from there making an educated choice as to where to start troubleshooting in the OSI model

EXAMPLE:

if you started troubleshooting at layer 3 (transport layer) and found that you cannot get an ip address then you would move down the OSI model however if this layer works correctly it can beassumed lower levels do aswell and so you move up

45
Q

the steps include:

  1. confirm if there is really a problem
  2. asses what areas of the network have been affected
  3. start taking documentation
A

when a

networking problem arises

what are the first 3 steps to take

46
Q

when documenting this we can look at log files and documentation. documentation may reveal recent changes

the information we can include in the documentation are

  1. Manufacturer
  2. Make / model
  3. Firmware version
  4. Operating system version
  5. Ownership / warranty information
A

when documenting the

equipment

involved in the problem where might we look for information and what information might we include

47
Q

this may include:

  1. The problem encountered
  2. all attempts and steps taken to determine the cause of the problem
  3. all attempts and steps taken to correct the problem and ensure that it will not reoccur
A

whilst we are resolving an issue

what 3 types of notes might we make in the documentation

48
Q

whilst we are resolving an issue

what 3 types of notes might we make in the documentation

A

this may include:

  1. The problem encountered
  2. all attempts and steps taken to determine the cause of the problem
  3. all attempts and steps taken to correct the problem and ensure that it will not reoccur
49
Q

when documenting the

configuration and topology

what information can we include

A

here we can include information about where are we in the network, who are we connected to is there any network monitoring logs that we can gather

specifically we may include

  1. Physical and logical topology
  2. Configuration files
  3. Log files
50
Q

this may include:

  1. nature of the problem
  2. equipment
  3. configuration and topology
  4. previous troubleshooting
A

when making

the initial documentation

what 4 peices of information might we include

51
Q

this will send 3 packets with a time to live set for each router. when a router receives a packet that has a time to live of 0 then it will drop the packet and return information about itself to the source

A

describe the command

tracert ip address | host name

52
Q
  1. smell and taste
    1. can you smell or taste any burning or overheating components
  2. touch
    1. is there a lack of vibration or too much vibration this could indicate a cooling fan is not running or running to fast perhaps something else is causing excessive vibration
  3. sound
    1. can you hear any clicking or whirling from the device or unfamiliar sounds this may signal a component is damaged or working incorectly
A

using

smeel and taste, touch and sound

how might we discover

layer 1 (physical)

problems

53
Q

will show the DNS configuration for the host. and enter the nslookup programme

A

describe the command

nslookup

54
Q

what is

ping

usefull for

A

this command can verify communication between two IP hosts

55
Q

using

sight

name 5 types of layer 1 (physical) problems might we encounter

A

here we may see

  1. Cables which are not connected
  2. Cables connected to the wrong port
  3. Loose cable connections
  4. Damaged cables and connectors
  5. Use of the wrong type of cable
56
Q

describe the command

ping ip-address | domain name

A

this will send an echo request packet to the ip address or domain name

57
Q

describe the

follow-the-path troubleshooting method

A

this troubleshooting methods requires knowing the source and destination of the problem from here you assess each of the links disregarding any devices that are not in the path

58
Q

this will ask the DHCP server for new IP configurations. if a new IP address is not given this could point to problems at a lower level or a problem with the DHCP server

A

describe the command

ipconfig /renew

59
Q

describe the command

tracert ip address | host name -h maximum_hops

A

the default maximum hops that tracert will use is 30. this command can be used to increase the number of hops it seraches for

60
Q

here we can:

  1. Ping from a wireless client to the default gateway. This verifies if the wireless client is connecting as expected.
  2. Ping from a wired client to the default gateway. This verifies if the wired client is connecting as expected.
  3. Ping from the wireless client to a wired client. This verifies if the wireless router is functioning as expected.
A

when troubleshooting a wired or wireless issue

what 3 steps can we take using ping to verify proper communication

61
Q

this approach is best employed when it is suspected that an application is causing the issue and so determining the problem in the application would be the first step

A

describe the

top-down troubleshooting method

62
Q

when pinging a domain name and there is no reply it is wise to ping the IP address if known. this is because when pinging a domain name a DNS lookup must occur if this method fails it could point to a DNS problem

A

what is a consideration to take into account when pinging a domain name

63
Q

describe the command

ipconfig

A

display basic IP configuration information

64
Q

what is

netstat

usefull for

A

this command is used to view current network statistics such as current connections with other hosts. this command could reveal connections to your host which should not be there this may indicate that someone is connected to your host when they shouldnt be

65
Q

these include:

  1. bottom-up
  2. top-down
  3. divide and conquer
  4. follow the path
  5. substitution / swap the component
  6. comparison / spot the difference
  7. educated guess / shoot from the hip
A

what are 7

troubleshooting methods

that can be used to isolate and find a problem

66
Q

here we can include information about where are we in the network, who are we connected to is there any network monitoring logs that we can gather

specifically we may include

  1. Physical and logical topology
  2. Configuration files
  3. Log files
A

when documenting the

configuration and topology

what information can we include

67
Q

what are 7

troubleshooting methods

that can be used to isolate and find a problem

A

these include:

  1. bottom-up
  2. top-down
  3. divide and conquer
  4. follow the path
  5. substitution / swap the component
  6. comparison / spot the difference
  7. educated guess / shoot from the hip
68
Q

what is

nslookup

useful for

A

this command is used to directly make a query to a dns server

69
Q

this is an approach for more experienced technicians and relies on past kowledge to take a guess at where the problem lies

A

describe the

educated guess / shoot from the hip troubleshooting method

70
Q

this simply involves swapping out a device with a working device if the problem persists then it can be assumed that the problem lies elsewhere

A

describe the

substitution / swap-the-component troubleshooting method

71
Q

describe the command

netstat -a

A

displays all connections and listening ports

72
Q

this command can verify communication between two IP hosts

A

what is

ping

usefull for

73
Q

here we can include information about if the problem occured before. is there any documentation

specifically we may include

  1. Steps taken
  2. Results achieved
A

when documenting

previous troubleshooting

what information could we include

74
Q

this troubleshooting methods requires knowing the source and destination of the problem from here you assess each of the links disregarding any devices that are not in the path

A

describe the

follow-the-path troubleshooting method

TM129: Networking (19 decks)

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