Module 2

Question 1

electron rel mass

Answer 1

1/1836

Question 2

p/n rel mass

Answer 2

1

Question 3

isotopes

Answer 3

atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons and different masses

Question 4

heavy water

Answer 4

control process in nuclear reactors
2H isotope

Question 5

cations

Answer 5

positive ions
more protons than electrons

Question 6

anions

Answer 6

negative ions
more electrons than protons

Question 7

relative isotopic mass

Answer 7

mass of an isotope relative to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon 12

Question 8

relative atomic mass

Answer 8

weighted mean mass of an atom of an element relative to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

Question 9

weighted mean mass

Answer 9

takes into account:
percentage abundance of each isotope
relative isotopic mass of each isotope

Question 10

m/z

Answer 10

mass to charge ratio
relative mass of ion/ relative charge on ion

Question 11

binary compound

Answer 11

contains two elements only
ionic- metal ion always first in name

Question 12

avogadro constant

Answer 12

number of particles in each mole of carbon-12
6.02 x10^23

Question 13

rel molecular mass

Answer 13

compared mass of a molecule with the mass of an atom of carbon 12

Question 14

empirical formulae

Answer 14

simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound

Question 15

molecular formula

Answer 15

number of atoms of each element in a molecule

Question 16

hydrated salts

Answer 16

water molecules are part of their crystalline structure - water of crystallisation

Question 17

standard solution

Answer 17

solution of known concentration

Question 18

molar gas volume

Answer 18

volume per mole of gas molecules at a stated temp and pressure

Question 19

acid + metal oxide/ hydroxide

Answer 19

salt + water

Question 20

acid + alkali

Answer 20

salt + water

Question 21

acid + carbonate

Answer 21

salt + water + co2

Question 22

atomic orbital

Answer 22

region around the nucleus that can hold up to two electrons, with opposite spins

Question 23

shells

Answer 23

energy levels
energy increases as the shell number increases
called principal quantum number n

Question 24

s orbital

Answer 24

n=1 contains 1 s orbital
greater the shell number, the greater the radius of its s orbital

Question 25

p orbital

Answer 25

3 separate p orbitals at right angles to each other
dumbbell shape
greater the shell number n, the further the p orbital is from the nucleus

Question 26

d orbital

Answer 26

each shell from n=3 contains 5 d orbitals

Question 27

f orbital

Answer 27

each shell from n=4 contains 7 f orbitals

Question 28

opposite spins

Answer 28

electrons repel each other (neg charge)
opp spins counteract repulsion between negative charges

Question 29

ionic bonding

Answer 29

electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions
holds cations and anions in ionic compounds
each ion attracts oppositely charges ions in all directions

Question 30

properties IB

Answer 30

giant ionic lattice
mostly solid at RT
high MP/BP
- higher for lattices with ions of greater charges
some dissolve in polar solvents
conduct when molten/ aqueous

Question 31

processes of solubility

Answer 31

ionic lattice broken down
water molecules attract and surround ions

Question 32

covalent bond

Answer 32

strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms
atomic orbitals overlap to give a shared pair of electrons

Question 33

dative covalent bond

Answer 33

shared pair of electrons supplied by one of the bonding atoms only
bonding pair originally lone pair on one of the bonded atoms