mass spectrometry

Question 1

use

Answer 1

detects mass:charge ratio of M+ ion to give molecular mass of compound

Question 2

M+ peak

Answer 2

furthest to right
M+1 peak furthest due to c-13 isotope

Question 3

fragmentation

Answer 3

M+ ions break down into a fragment ion and radical

Question 4

practical uses

Answer 4

drug testing in sport

Question 5

infrared spectroscopy

Answer 5

covalent bonds have energy and vibrate around central point
absorbing IR increases stretch/bend
amount varies by mass of atoms + strength of bond

Question 6

how does IS work

Answer 6

wavenumber scale
proportional to freauency

Question 7

method

Answer 7

sample placed on IRS
beam IR passed through
molecules absorb some IR
emerging beam analysed to identify frequencies absorbed
graph plotted of transmittance against wavenumber

Question 8

applications

Answer 8

sensors analyse IR spectra of vehicle emissions
detects pollutants
IR based breathalysers pass beam IR through breath + detect IR absorbance
characteristic ethanol bonds detected