basic organic defs

Question 1

alkane gen form

Answer 1

CnH2n+2

Question 2

alkene form

Answer 2

CnH2n

Question 3

alcohol

Answer 3

CnH2n+1OH

Question 4

alkyl group

Answer 4

saturated hydrocarbon chain attached to a molecule
may be represented by R

Question 5

aliphatic

Answer 5

contain carbon chains
do not involve benzene
chains may be un/saturated, straight, branched, circular

Question 6

alicyclic

Answer 6

aliphatic compounds
non aromatic rings
no side chains

Question 7

aromatic

Answer 7

contain at least one benzene ring

Question 8

aromatic ring structure

Answer 8

delocalised electrons
form pi bonds across ring structure

Question 9

Aromatic ring stability

Answer 9

electrons in pi orbitals above/below benzene ring
delocalised pi bonds make them very stable

Question 10

func group isomers

Answer 10

isomers that structures have been changed so their func group is different

Question 11

chain isomers

Answer 11

molecules with same molecular formula
one is linear
one is branched

Question 12

position isomers

Answer 12

same molecular formula
func group in different places

Question 13

heterolytic fission

Answer 13

bond broken unevenly
one atom receives more electrons than the other
eg when acid dissociates

Question 14

homolytic fission

Answer 14

bond broken evenly
single bond: each atom retains one bonding electron
two radicals formed

Question 15

radical

Answer 15

atoms/compounds that contain an unpaired electron
extremely unstable
highly reactive
product of homolytic fission

Question 16

atmospheric radicals

Answer 16

external source of energy from radiation from the sun

Question 17

curly arrow

Answer 17

shows the movement of a pair of electrons between two molecules

Question 18

structural isomer