Module 17- Blood Disorder part 1 Flashcards
Blood is composed of 55% ___ and 45% ___
plasma fluid
formed elements
The 45% formed elements consists of:
__% RBC
__% WBC/platelets
44
1
What does hematocrit mean?
Volume percentage of RBC in whole blood
What is the normal range for a hematocrit?
37-54%
What is the normal range for a hemoglobin?
12-18 g/100ml
The normal level for an INR test is ______?
1
The normal range for a bleeding time test is?
1-6 min
What are the 3 types of Bleeding Time Tests?
Duke
Ivy
Modified Ivy
PT stands for _______ and figures out how long it takes you to _______
Prothrombin Time
clot
The normal time for a PT test is?
11-15 sec
PTT stands for______ and normal ranges are ____?
Partial Thromboplastin Time
68-82 sec
If plasma is allowed to clot it is called?
serum
Plasma is composed of 90% ____ and 10% _____
water
plasma proteins
RBC’s are called _______
erythrocytes/corpuscles
Why are RBC’s called corpuscles?
have no nuclei
RBC’s are ______ in shape and contain _____
biconcave
hemoglobin
If your hemoglobin range is low you have?
anemia
if your hemoglobin range is high you have?
pathologic condition
What are the two groups of WBC’s?
granulocytes
Agranulocytes
WBC’s are able to pass through walls at _____ and go into the ______
capillary ends
connective tissue
What are the 3 WBC granulocytes?
neutrophil
eosinophil
basophil
What are the 2 WBC agranulocytes?
lympocytes
monocytes
______ are 1/4 the size of a RBC?
Platelets
The small lymphocytes are known as _____ and _____ cells
T
B
What are the 2 main jobs of platelets?
blood clot formation
blood clot dissolution
Anemia or “____ _____” is a reduction of the _____ concentration?
tired blood
hemoglobin concentration
Acute blood loss occurs from ______ and causes an anemia?
trauma
disease
Anemia can be caused by a destruction of RBC’s which would be termed a _______ anemia?
Hemolytic
What is a common type of hemolytic anemia?
sickle cell anemia
What is a common type of ACQUIRED hemolytic anemia due to pregnancy complications?
Erythroblastosis fetalis
What are reasons for diminished production of RBC’s which causes an anemia?
nutritional deficiency
bone marrow failure
Pernicious anemia is due to?
B12 bitamin absorption deficiency
Bone Marrow Failure is also termed ______ anemia?
Aplastic
Aplastic anemia is due to a _____ decrease in ____ cells
quantitative
all
What is the most prevalent form of anemia?
iron deficiency
What is the second most prevalent anemia?
Anemia of Chronic Disease
______ is an inherited blood condition which affects mediterranean, african, middle eastern and southeast asian descents?
Thalassemia
Thalassemia is an __ or ____ production of hemoglobin
absent
decreased
What anemia is seen as a low reticulocyte count?
Anemia of Chronic Disease
What is the treatment for Thalassemia patients?
hematopoietic stem-cell transplant
Iron deficiency anemia is a _____, ____ anemia?
hypochromic
microcytic
hypochromic means?
low hemoglobin
iron deficiency anemia occurs more in what gender/age?
young women
When hemoglobin levels are at ____ or below the tongue appears smooth and shiny
10
What are the 2 forms of megaloblastic anemia?
pernicious- b12 deficiency
folate anemia- folic acid deficiency
What 2 vitamins are necessary in RBC production in the bone marrow?
b12
folate
Pernicious anemia is due to a deficiency of the ______ factor?
intrinsic
Intrinsic factor is related to pernicious anemia because it is responsible for?
absorption of B12
Pernicious anemia affects people over age?
40
What is the tx for pernicious anemia?
B12 shots 2 x wk
Folic acid deficiency in pregnant women can cause?
Spina Bifida
Which Megaloblastic anemia has CNS involvement?
Pernicious
