Module 12 Flashcards

1
Q

enzyme replacement therapy

A

recombinant enzyme infusion

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2
Q

substrate reduction therapy

A

oral drug reduces substrate so enzyme can function more effectively

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3
Q

pharmacological chaperone therapy

A

oral drug binds to misfolded protein, restoring function

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4
Q

gene therapy

A

therapy uses genes directly or targets genes

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5
Q

direct delivery

A

therapeutic gene packaged into delivery vehicle and injected

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6
Q

cell-based delivery

A

therapeutic gene packaged into a vehicle, introduced to in vitro stem cell, reintroduced to patient

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7
Q

germline gene therapy

A

alters DNA of fertilized egg for all cells to be affected. not done in humans

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8
Q

somatic gene therapy

A

only somatic cells, not passed down to generations

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9
Q

transgenic organisms

A

combination of DNA from different organisms

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10
Q

in vivo

A

delivered directly to patient

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11
Q

ex vivo

A

delivered to cell then to patient

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12
Q

gene therapy vectors

A

retrovirus, adenovirus, naked DNA, liposome plasmid vector

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13
Q

tropism

A

affinity for cell or tissue type

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14
Q

severe combined immune deficiency

A

deficiency of enzyme ADA leading to toxic buildup of deoxy ATP destroying T/B cells

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15
Q

notorious setbacks

A

19yo with enzyme deficiency toxic buildup of ammonia died after gene therapy; 4 French kids developed leukemia

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16
Q

clinicaltrials.gov

A

list of all gene therapy trials ongoing

17
Q

gene replacement/augmentation therapy

A

adds functional copy of a gene

18
Q

end-run therapy

A

target is downstream of a gene that supplies a needed function

19
Q

suppression therapy

A

targets GOF mutations to stop a bad gene. gene silencing RNAi

20
Q

gene supplementation therapy

A

increases gene dosage

21
Q

cancer therapy

A

targets tumor cells while leaving healthy cells

22
Q

CAR T cell therapy

A

engineered t/b-cell combination, super t-cell

23
Q

gene-based therapy

A

using genes to produce therapeutic agent

24
Q

ZFN

A

zinc finger nuclease cuts one gene at a time

25
TALEN
transcription-activator like effector nuclease cuts one gene at a time
26
CRISPR
clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat uses guide RNA to target DNA segment
27
operation warp speed
effort to accelerate vaccine production
28
vaccine
weakened fragment of organisms containing antigen
29
B-cells
create neutralizing antibodies
30
cytotoxic t-cells
recognize infected cells to kill
31
DNA/RNA vaccines
uses DNA/RNA to teach immune system to target viral protiens
32
live attenuated
weakened version of actual virus
33
inactivated
whole virus has been killed
34
subunit
piece of virus surface to focus immune response
35
viral vector
harmless virus to deliver viral genes for immunity
36
poly A tail
influences protein expression, prevents decapping, masks translation
37
perfusion closed conformation
(SARS-CoV-2) triggers immune system