(Module 1) Plants and their Isolated Compounds

Question 1

used in the early period as a strong purgative and antibiotic against mycobacteria and toxic

Answer 1

birch polypore

Question 2

where is Quinine derived from?

Answer 2

the bark of Cinchona officinalis L.

Question 3

used for arrow poisons and derived from South American plants

Answer 3

Tubocurarine

Question 4

made use of by an english housewife to treat dropsy

Answer 4

Foxglove

Question 5

scientific name of Foxglove

Answer 5

Digitalis purpurea

Question 6

systematically prescribed Foxglove

Answer 6

William Withering

Question 7

produced an alkaloid named Morphine and acts as pain killers

Answer 7

opium poppy

Question 8

scientific name of opium poppy

Answer 8

Papaver somniferum L., Papaveraceae

Question 9

identified morphine

Answer 9

Fredricb Wilhelm Secturner

Question 10

used by aztecs and other cultures to treat malaria

Answer 10

Quinine

Question 11

isolated Quinine

Answer 11

Pierre Joseph Pelletier and Joseph Bienalme Caventou

Question 12

for fevers and mild to moderate pain as well as anticoagulant

Answer 12

Salicin

Question 13

where is Salicin derived from

Answer 13

willow bark

Question 14

scientific name of willow bark

Answer 14

Salic spp. Salicaceae

Question 15

the discovery of Salicin

Answer 15

Johannes Buchner -> derivatized in 1838 by Rafaele Pirea yielding Salicylic Acid - > yielded by the Bayer company in 1899 as ASA (acetylsalicylic acid) or Aspirin

Question 16

used for asthma

Answer 16

Atropine

Question 17

where was Atropine derived from

Answer 17

Belladonna or Atropa belladonna, Solanaceae

Question 18

from the coffee shrub and was elucidated in 1882

Answer 18

Caffeine

Question 19

scientific name of Caffeine

Answer 19

Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora, Rubiaceae

Question 20

highly poisonous natural product and was used by Socrates to commit suicide. this was also the FIRST ALKALOID to have its structure elucidated (1870) and then it was synthesized (1889)

Answer 20

Coniline

Question 21

where was Coniline isolated from?

Answer 21

hemlock

Question 22

scientific name of hemlock

Answer 22

Conium maculatum, Apiaceae

Question 23

used as an emetic as well as in cough medications

Answer 23

Emetine

Question 24

where was emetine derived from?

Answer 24

ipecacuanha

Question 25

scientific name of ipecacuanha

Answer 25

Carapichea ipecacuanha, Cephaelis ipecacuanha,. Rubiaceae

Question 26

used as a tonic and stimulant

Answer 26

Strychnine

Question 27

where was Strychnine derived from?

Answer 27

nux-vomica

Question 28

scientific name of nux-vomica

Answer 28

Strychnos spp. Loganiaceae

Question 29

antibiotic age

Answer 29

18th and 19th centuries

Question 30

when and who isolated Penicilin

Answer 30

1928 by William Fleming and large scale production in 1941 by Florey and Chain

Question 31

has hypotensive and tranquilizing properties

Answer 31

Reserpine

Question 32

where was Reserpine isolated from

Answer 32

rauwolfa roots

Question 33

alkaloids that have anticancer properties

Answer 33

vinca alkaloids like vincristine and vinblastine

Question 34

where was Progesterone isolated from by partial synthesis?

Answer 34

diosgenin and other steroid saponins

Question 35

obtained from progesterone by chemical and microbial reaction

Answer 35

Cortisone and Hydrocortisone

Question 36

a drug and arrow poison used by the american indians of the amazon

Answer 36

Curare

Question 37

who was the one to study curare

Answer 37

Claude Bernard

Question 38

source of Curare

Answer 38

Chondrodendrone tomentosum

Question 39

other name for Curare

Answer 39

D-tubocurarine because of its source “tube curare”

Question 40

used methylene blue (a chemotherapeutic agent) in the treatment of mild forms of malaria in 1891

Answer 40

Paul Ehrlich

Question 41

saw a rapid expansion in knowledge of secondary natural products, their biosynthesis and biological and pharmacological effects

Answer 41

the 20th century