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Felder 3rd semester > Module 1 Anti-Microbials Part 1 > Flashcards

Module 1 Anti-Microbials Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Slow / Retard bacteria multiplication is called

A

Bacteriostatic

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2
Q

A drug that destroys bacteria is considered

A

Bacteriocidal

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3
Q

Specific for a particular bacteria

A

Narrow spectrum

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4
Q

Destroy different types of bacteria

A

Broad spectrum

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5
Q

What test must be done before first dose of anti-infective is given

A

CNS

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6
Q

What is the appropriate way to give oral meds

A

Empty stomach with full glass of water

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7
Q

If lips get swollen after taking any antimicrobial what should the person do

A

Call doctor

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8
Q

Steven Johnson Syndrome is a common adverse effect of which drug class

A

Sulfonamides (Bactrim)

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9
Q

Redneck/Red Man Syndrome is most commonly seen with

A

IV Vancomycin

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10
Q

Prolonged use of tetracycline can lead to

A

Candida albicans

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11
Q

Most common sign of Candida Albicans is

A

white patches on mucous membranes

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12
Q

Mild treatment for Candida Albicans can include

A

Yogurt, Buttermilk

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13
Q

Severe treatment for Candida Albicans can include

A

Anti-fungal Medications, Gentian Violet

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14
Q

What is the average duration of time a person is placed on Anti-infectives

A

5-10 days

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15
Q

C-diff is a bacteria that affects the

A

GI tract

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16
Q

C-diff is more commonly seen in what population

A

Older patients

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17
Q

How long can C-diff occur after medication has been stopped

A

6 weeks

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18
Q

What is a major S&S of C-diff

A

Foul smelling Diarrhea

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19
Q

For Mild treatment of C-diff we would

A

provide no drug to kill organism

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20
Q

What can we absolutely not give for patients with C-diff

A

No anti-diarrheals

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21
Q

What kind of precautions must we place patients with C-diff

A

Contact Precautions

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22
Q

Vancomycin by mouth can cause

A

C-diff

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23
Q

What is best way to prevent spread of C-diff

A

Hand-washing

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24
Q

What is the action of Sulfonamides

A

Inhibit folic acid synthesis

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25
Q

Are sulfonamides Bacteriostatic or Bactericidal, and are they Narrow Spectrum or Broad Spectrum

A

Bactericidal

Broad spectrum

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26
Q

Bactrim is most commonly given to help with

A

UTI

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27
Q

Mafenide (Sulfamylon) and Silver Sulfadine (Silvadene) are given to help with

A

Meningitis

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28
Q

Sulfasalazine is given to help with

A

Ulcerative Colitis

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29
Q

Sulfonamides can cause what kind of Colitis

A

C-diff

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30
Q

Bactrim should be given when

A

on empty stomach

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31
Q

Giving a drug on an empty stomach means __ hours before meal OR __ hours after meal

A

1 hour before or 2 hours after

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32
Q

Sulfasalazine should be given how

A

with food

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33
Q

What is penicillin derived from

A

Mold from on bread and fruit

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34
Q

What is the action of Natural Penicillin

A

Inhibit Cell wall synthesis

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35
Q

Are Natural Penicillins Bacteriostatic or Bactericidal, and are they Narrow Spectrum or Broad Spectrum

A

Bactericidal and Narrow Spectrum

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36
Q

What route is Penicillin G given

A

IM,IV

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37
Q

What route is Penicillin V given

A

Oral

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38
Q

What is the action of a Penicillinase-Resistant Penicillin

A

Combats resistance to penicillinase/beta lactamase

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39
Q

What is Penicillinase-Resistant Penicillin used for (2)

A

MRSA, Staph

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40
Q

What is the difference between Dicloxacillin, Oxacillin, and Natho Cyllin

A

Dicloxacillin can only be given oral

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41
Q

Is Aminopenicillin Broad Spectrum or Narrow Spectrum

A

Broad Spectrum

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42
Q

Dicloxacillin, Oxacillin, and Natho Cyllin, are all examples of

A

Penicillinase-Resistant Penicillins

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43
Q

Amoxicillin and Ampicillin are examples of

A

Aminopenicillins

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44
Q

Amoxicillin is used for ______ and can be given _____

A

Ear infections and can be given PO

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45
Q

Ampicillin is used for ______(2) and can be given ____

A

UTI,STD and can be given IM,IV

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46
Q

Amoxicillin must be given with

A

Food

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47
Q

What is the action of Beta lactamase inhibitor

A

Inhibit activity of beta lactamase

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48
Q

Beta lactamase inhibitor are given with (2)

A

Aminopenicillins or Extended spectrum

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49
Q

Beta lactamase inhibitor are used where

A

bacterial resistance is present

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50
Q

Extended Spectrum Penicillins have a

A

Wider range that broad spectrum

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51
Q

What does Extended Spectrum Penicillins destroy

A

Pseudomonas

52
Q

Extended Spectrum Penicillins is used for

A

Serious infections

53
Q

For Gonorrhea and Syphilis the choice drug is

A

Ampicillin

54
Q

For Septicemia and Meningitis the choice drug is

A

Extended Spectrum Penicillins

55
Q

What is the choice drug for Otitis Media

A

Amoxicillin

56
Q

What is the choice drug for Pneumonia

A

Natural Penicillin

57
Q

What is the choice drug for a UTI

A

Ampicillin

58
Q

Ticarcillin, Piperacillin, and Carbenicillin are all examples of

A

Extended Spectrum Penicillins

59
Q

C-diff can be seen how long after drug has started

A

4-9 days

60
Q

What is the action of Cephalosporins

A

Inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis

61
Q

Are Cephalosporins Bacteriostatic or Bactericidal, and are they Narrow Spectrum or Broad Spectrum

A

Bactericidal and Broad Spectrum

62
Q

Keflex is an example of a

A

1st generation Cephalosporins

63
Q

Kefzol is an example of a

A

1st generation Cephalosporins

64
Q

Zinacef is an example of a

A

2nd generation Cephalosporins

65
Q

Fortaz is an example of a

A

3rd generation Cephalosporins

66
Q

Cephalosporins should be given on a

A

Empty stomach

67
Q

Cephalosporins should not be given if patient is taking

A

Antacids or Irons

68
Q

What is the action of a Monobactam

A

Inhibit Cell wall synthesis

69
Q

Are Monobactams bactericidal or bacteriostatic, and are they narrow or broad spectrum

A

Bactericidal and Narrow Spectrum

70
Q

Monobactams are used for (3)

A

Respiratory Infections, Uterine infections, and UTIs

71
Q

Monobactam can be given (3)

A

IVPB, IM, Inhalation

72
Q

A major adverse effect of a Monobactam is (2)

A

TENS

C-diff

73
Q

Monobactams can be contraindicated if patient had

A

Liver Disease

74
Q

What is the action of a Carbapenem

A

Inhibit Cell Wall Synthesis

75
Q

Are Carbapenem bactericidal or bacteriostatic, and are they narrow or broad spectrum

A

Bactericidal and Broad Spectrum

76
Q

Carbapenems are resistant to

A

Beta Lactamase

77
Q

The 4 drugs in the Beta lactam Ring are

A

Carbapenems
Cephalosporins
Penicillins
Monobactams

78
Q

Carbapenems are used for (3)

A

Serious Nosocomial Infections
Meningitis
Septicemia

79
Q

Carbapenems can be given

A

IVBP

80
Q

If adverse effects are seen in Carbapenems, what should we do

A

D/C the med

81
Q

Imipenem and Cilastatin are given for

A

Endocarditis, Septicemia

82
Q

Meropenem is given for

A

Meningitis

83
Q

Ertapenem is given for

A

Nosocomial Infections

84
Q

What is the action of a Tetracycline

A

Inhibit Protein Synthesis

85
Q

Are Tetracyclines bactericidal or bacteriostatic, and are they narrow or broad spectrum

A

Bacteriostatic and Broad Spectrum

86
Q

Tetracyclines is the drug of choice for which types of infections

A

Upper respiratory infections

87
Q

Tetracycline can treat which STD

A

Chlamydia

88
Q

What drug group is used when patient has an allergy to Penicillin

A

Tetracycline

89
Q

Tetracycline can only be given in children

A

with their permanent teeth

90
Q

Tetracycline should be taken on _______ and what should the patient do after taking it

A

Empty stomach

Sit upright for at least 30 minutes

91
Q

Chelation is a

A

Unabsorbable mass

92
Q

What is the action of a Macrolide

A

Inhibit protein synthesis

93
Q

Are Macrolides bactericidal or bacteriostatic, and are they narrow or broad spectrum

A

Broad Spectrum, and whether it is Bacteriostatic or Bactericidal is based on dose

94
Q

Macrolides can be used prophylactically for

A

Tuberculosis

95
Q

Which STD are Macrolides used for

A

Chlamydia

96
Q

Macrolides are the drug of choice when

A

patient has an allergy to Penicillin

97
Q

Erythromycin is the drug of choice for

A

patients with allergy to Penicillins

98
Q

Macrolides are given on

A

Empty stomach

99
Q

What is the action of a Lincosamide

A

Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis

100
Q

Are Lincosamides bactericidal or bacteriostatic, and are they narrow or broad spectrum

A

Bacteriostatic and Bactericidal and Broad Spectrum

101
Q

Lincosamides are used when

A

other meds have been unsuccessful for Serious infections

102
Q

What is the chance of getting C-diff for patients on Lincosamides

A

80%

103
Q

Patients on Lincosamides should have there stools reported how often

A

3-5 times a day

104
Q

Lincosamides should be infused …

A

slowly

105
Q

Don’t use Lincosamides if patient is on

A

Neuromuscular blockers

106
Q

What is the trade name for Amoxicillin

A

Amoxil

107
Q

What is the drug class for Amoxicillin

A

Aminopenicillin

108
Q

What is the action of Amoxicillin

A

Binds to bacterial cell wall, causing cell death.

109
Q

What is the trade name for Ticarcillin Disodium

A

Timentin

110
Q

What is the drug class for Ticarcillin

A

extended spectrum penicillins

111
Q

What is the action of Ticarcillin

A

Binds to bacterial cell wall membrane, causing cell death

112
Q

What is the trade name for Cephalexin

A

Keflex

113
Q

What is the drug class for Cephalexin

A

first generation cephalosporins

114
Q

What is the action of Cephalexin

A

Binds to bacterial cell wall membrane, causing cell death.

115
Q

What is the trade name for Ceftazidime

A

Fortaz

116
Q

What is the drug class for Ceftazidime

A

third generation cephalosporins

117
Q

What is the action of Ceftazidime

A

Binds to the bacterial cell wall membrane, causing cell death.

118
Q

Penicillins are used to treat which type of STD

A

Gonorrhea

119
Q

Which drug can cause and treat C-diff

A

Vancomycin

120
Q

Which drug has an indication of gang green sepsin

A

Carbapenems

121
Q

Aztreonam and Aztreonam are examples of

A

Monobactams

122
Q

Aztreonam can be used

A

By inhalation

123
Q

Imipenem, Meropenem, and Ertapenem are examples of

A

Carbapenems

124
Q

Tetracycline increases the effects of (3) ______ while decreasing the effect of ______

A

Increases Digoxin, Insulin, Anticoagulant

Decreases Contraceptives

125
Q

Erythromycin is an example of a

A

Macrolide

Felder 3rd semester (10 decks)

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