Final Flashcards
When can we see improvement of thyroid therapy?
Within 10-14 days
What is the goal of levothyroxine (synthroid)?
Return to euthyroid state.
How should levothyroxine be taken?
In the morning before breakfast same time each day
Dosage of Levothyroxine
50 mcg
What should we avoid when taking levothyroxine and what signs should we look for
Avoid iodine
Look for signs of hyperthyroidism
What class is digoxin
Cardio tonic
What should we check for when taking digoxin
Bradycardia
What is digoxin used for
Chf
Arrhythmias
Which route of digoxin has a risk for toxicity
IV
Dosage for digoxin
0.125-0.25 mcg
What are signs of digoxin toxicity
Visual disturbances (halos) Bradyarrhythmias
What can increase digoxin toxicity
Increased calcium
Hypothyroidism
Therapeutic dose of digoxin
0.8-2 nano grams
What drug treats digoxin toxicity
Dilantin
What drug treats the Bradyarrhythmia in digoxin toxicity
Atropine
What is the antidote for severe digoxin toxicity
Digibind
What do betablockers cause?
Rest & digest - decrease blood sugar Broncho constriction Wheezing Bradyarrthymia Depression Impotence Possible CHF
Propananol commonly causes
NVD
Antidote for Coumadin
Vitamin K
Antidote for heparin
Protamine
Heparin drip is based on
PTT
Signs and symptoms of bronchodilators
Tremors, tachycardia, increased blood sugar, anxiety
What should we avoid when taking levodopa
Vitamin B6
What is the antidote for a Parkinson’s patient who is experiencing freezing
Apomorphine
What disorders are Cns stimulants used for
ADD & ADHD
What can Cns stimulants cause
Dependency and insomnia
Celebrex is a drug that has______ gi toxicity but _____ cardiotoxicity
Decrease
Increase
Robaxin, a central acting skeletal relaxant is used as an _____ in the treatment of ______
Antispasm
Sprain & strains
Robaxin does what to urine
Discolors it greenish black
Baclofen - an anti spastic is used in the treatment of
Spinal cord injury
MAOI can be used for depression in the form of a
Patch
MAOI’s given orally is used in the treatment of
Parkinson’s
Action of MAOI’s
Increase dopamine
Risk when using MAOI’s
Hypertensive crisis
Uses for Benadryl
Allergies Motion sickness N&V Parkinson's / EPS Pre op agent part of general anesthesia Sedative
Scopolamine patch is used for ____ and is administered
Motion sickness
Behind the ear - removed / changed every 72 hours
Benadryl can cause this in the elderly
Paradoxical excitement
Nasal decongestants can cause
Tachycardia
Increased blood pressure
(Same signs as with epinephrine)
What can happen if nasal decongestants are used incorrectly
Rebound congestion
Drug for nasal decongestant
Neosinephrine
What are antacids used for
Hyper secretion of HCL in diseases like GERD
What are antacids composed of
Magnesium
Aluminum
Calcium
What can magnesium cause
Diarrhea
What can aluminum cause
Constipation
Antacid drug
Famotidine - Pepcid
Side effects of antacids
Dizziness and unsteadiness (monitor blood pressure)
Depression of bone marrow
Males can develop gynocomastia, decrease sperm count
What should you NOT do when taking an antacid
Smoke
Antidiarrheal drug
Lomotil.
Other - opiates & atropine
When is an Antidiarrheal best given
After episode of loose stool
Antiemetics are best given
Prophylactically
Example of a salicylate
Aspirin
Example of a non salicylate
Tylenol
Ibuprofen
Is Tylenol an NSAID?
No because it does not cure inflammation
Normal dose of aspirin
10-20 mg
Prophylactic dose of aspirin
81 mg
What drug protects stomach lining from
NSAIDs
Cytotec
Tylenol causes what kind of toxicity
Hepatotoxic
What is the antidote for Tylenol toxicity
Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
What adverse effect should we be cautious of when using salicylates
Salicism
Example of loop diuretic that can cause gi toxicity and therefore can be taken with food
LASIX
What is pyridium used for and what does it do to urine
UTI discomfort
Discolors urine red/orange
Tofanil is used in the treatment of
Enuresis (bed wetting)
An antispasmodic can also be called a
Anticholinergic
Adverse effects when using sulfonamides
SJS, TENS, crystalluria, bone marrow suppression.
Dose adjustment is needed when taking sulfonamides in patients with
Diabetes mellitus because it lowers blood sugar
Azithromycin - a Macrolide needs to be further diluted in
100-200 ml
Cipro should be infused over
1 hr through IV
Cipro isn’t given to patients under 18 due to the risk of
Tendon rupture
INH is used in the treatment of
TB
Amphotericin B commonly causes what symptoms also known as “shake and bake”
Fever and chills
Nystatin is used for the treatment of _____ and should be administered how
Oral candida
Swish and swallow
Bio therapy for cancer patients (neoplastic drugs)
Epogen - RBC
Neupogen - WBC
Drug name for epinephrine
Isuprel, adrenalin
Short acting rescue therapy bronchodilator
Albuterol
