module 1-1 part C Flashcards
-usually composed of polysaccharides
-well organized and not easily removed from the cell
capsules
similar to capsules except diffuse, unorganized and easily removed
slime layers
network of polysaccharides extending from the surface of the cell
glycocalyx
a capsule or slime layer composed of polysaccharides can also be referred to as this
glycocalyx
short, thin, hairlike, proteinaceous appendages
-mediate attachment to surfaces
fimbriae
-long, thick, less numerous
-required for mating
-transfers DNA from one cell to another
sex pili
one flagellum
monotrichous
flagellum at the end of cell
polar flagellum
one flagellum at each end of cell
amphitrichous
cluster of flagella at one or both ends of cell
lophotrichous
spread over entire surface of cell
peritrichous
what are the 3 parts of flagellar ultrastructure
filament
basal body
hook
formed by some bacteria and is dormant
resistant to numerous environmental conditions
bacterial endospore
the bacterial endospore is resistant to numerous environmental conditions such as
heat
radiation
chemicals
desiccation
irregular network of branching and fusing membranous tubules and flattened sacs aka:
found in eukaryotic cells
endoplasmic reticulum -cisternae
ribosomes are attached
and synthesis of PROTEINS
rough ER
devoid of ribosomes and synthesis of LIPIDS
smooth ER
functions of ER:
transport proteins, lipids and other materials within cell
major site of cell membrane synthesis
synthesis of lysosomes
membrane organelle made of cisternae stacked on each other
dictyosomes
involved in modification, packaging and secretion of materials
golgi apparatus
what side of the golgi apparatus is associated with the ER
cis face
membrane bound vesicles that contain hydrolytic enzymes needed for digestion of macomolecules
lysosomes
uptake of solutes or particles by enclosing them in vesicles or vacuoles pinched off from plasma membrane
two types:
endocytosis
phagocytosis and pinocytosis
this type of endocytosis deals with particles or bacterial cells
phagocytosis
this type of endocytosis deals with solutes
pinocytosis
site of tricarboxylic acid cycle activity
mitochondria
site where ATP is generated by electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation
mitochondria
the mitochondrial structure has 3 parts.
which is highly folded to form crista and is the location of enzyme and electron carriers for electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation?
which contains ribosomes, mitochondrial DNA, and large calcium phosphate granules?
it also contains the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the b-oxidation pathway for fatty acids
outer membrane
inner membrane
matrix
- inner membrane
- matrix
membrane-bound structure that houses genetic material of cell
nucleus
dense fibrous material within nucleus that contains DNA and condenses to form chromosomes during cell division
chromatin
double membrane structure that delimits nucleus
nuclear envelope
what is penetrated by nuclear pores which allow materials to be transported into or out of nucleus
nuclear envelope
the molecular unity of prokaryotes and eukaryotes:
1
2
3
same:
basic chemical composition
genetic code
basic metabolic processes
