Modern Medicine Flashcards
Who were Florey and Chain?
The men who further researched penicillin and found out that it killed bacteria- they tested on mice 1940 and humans in 1941. PENICILLIN HAS SAVED MILLIONS OF LIVES
Who wrote about penicillin?
Flemming
Who discovered the anaesthetic?
Simpson and he later found chloroform which was used by Queen Victoria making it very popular.
How did Florence help medicine?
As she knew the importance of being clean (believed in miasma though), she also brought herself and a group of nurses to the help in the war.
What did Snow discover?
He wrote about the link between dirty water and the cholera epidemic. He also removed the handle off the infected waters pump- stopping the outbreak! HE DID THIS PRIOR TO THE GERM THEORY
How did Booth and Beveridge help?
Booth put pressure on government by publishing that 35% of London lived in poverty. The Beveridge report in 1942 set out proposals for welfare changes. This lead to the Welfare State
What was the welfare state?
Many laws introducing health checks in education and benefits for the ill
Family Allowances Act (1945) - 5s a week for each child after the first.
What was introduced in 1948?
The NHS! Doctors, hospital, dentists, opticians, ambulances, midwives and health visitors were available, free to everybody.
Who used antiseptic surgery and what is an example of an instrument used?
Lister developed it in 1867, spraying carbolic acid to reduce infections. Spray machine during surgery.
Mortality rate dropped from 46% to 15% in 3 years.
What did Hunter open up?
A museum to encourage public support to his scientific ideas.
What were Hunters ideas?
Used dissection to learn anatomy.
Hunter trained many surgeons and emphasised the importance of experimentation. He taught JENNER
How did Vesalius prove Galen wrong?
Galen said that the human jaw was made of two pieces but Vesalius proved that it was only made of one piece.
What did Pasteur realise?
Microorganisms were in air and spread disease. Also discovered heating killed them.
What was the first public health act 1800’s ?
1848 stated that towns could appoint a head medical officer if they wanted. However no enforcements were made so people remained malnourished and in poor housing.
What was the second public health act?
1875 Also known as the great clean up, Made the head medical officers compulsory and enforced clean water and an effective drainage system.
