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microparasitology > Mod 9 micropara lec > Flashcards

Mod 9 micropara lec Flashcards

1
Q

require to acquire or cause the disease of 50% inoculated test animals

A

Infectious dose 50%

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2
Q

pathogens enter the g.i tract at one end and exit at the other end

A

fecal-oral disease

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3
Q

helps resist digestion after phagocytosis

A

Waxes (mycolic acid)

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4
Q

contain powerful hydrolytic enzymes that cause tissue damage

A

lysosomes

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5
Q

degree pathogenicity

A

virulence

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6
Q

with few or no obvious symptoms

A

subclinical infection

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7
Q

not transmitted from one person to another

A

non communicable disease

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8
Q

cell wall of mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

Waxes (mycolic acid)

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9
Q

ability to cause disease

A

pathogenicity

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10
Q

5,000 to 10,000 spores

A

inhalation anthrax

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11
Q

infection with obvious/observable detectable symptoms (symptomatic)

A

clinical infection

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12
Q

attacks certain wbc

A

leukocidins

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13
Q

inflammation in tonsil

A

tonsilitis

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14
Q

outermembrane proteins that mediates bacterial adherence to host cell receptor

A

adhesins

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15
Q

entrance through contaminated food water finger & hands

A

GI. tract

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16
Q

blood clot protects bacteria from phagocytosis

A

coagulase

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17
Q

10 cells only

A

Enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli

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18
Q

It is cause by the presence or growth of infectious microorganisms or parasites

A

infectious disease

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19
Q

bacterial cell surface function in attachment process

A

fimbriae & pili

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20
Q

study of transmission of disease

A

epidemiology

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21
Q

mucus membrane that cover eyeball and lines the eyelid

A

conjunctiva

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22
Q

inflammation of the heart chambers

A

endocarditis

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23
Q

mediates attachment and helps resist phagocytosis

A

M protein

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24
Q

infection caused by microorganisms from the host’s environment

A

opportunistic infection

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25
Q

a microbe’s toxin that will kill 50% experimentally inoculated animal

A

lethal dose 50%

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26
Q

releases & ruptures lysosomes

A

Leukocidins

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27
Q

Present in a group of person or geographic area

A

endemic disease

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28
Q

Can be transferred from one person to another

A

Communicable disease

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29
Q

microbes inhaled into mouth or nose in droplets of moisture or dust particles

A

respiratory tract

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30
Q

source of infectious agent

A

Reservoir of infection

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31
Q

common disease contracted via respiratory tract (eye disease)

A

trachoma - chlamydia trachomatis

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32
Q

100,000,000 cells

A

vibrio cholerae

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33
Q

cell component that is heat & acid resistant

A

M protein

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34
Q

Can multiply inside WBC

A

Waxes (mycolic acid)

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35
Q

causes lysis of RBC

A

Hemolysins

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36
Q

presence of infectious fungus

A

fungemia

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37
Q

Greater than usual percentage of specific population

A

Epidemic Disease

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38
Q

Outbreak that affects one or more population

A

Epidemic disease

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39
Q

kills wbc to prevent phagocytosis

A

Leukocidins

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40
Q

all pathogens have means to attach to host tissue

A

adherence

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41
Q

do not secrete hemolysin

A

gamma

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42
Q

The one who carries the infectious agent w/o manifesting the symptoms, yet can transmit the agent to another individual

A

Carrier

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43
Q

prevent phagocytosis

A

capsule

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44
Q

causes complete lysis

A

beta

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45
Q

inflammation in pharynx

A

pharygitis

46
Q

located at the end of fimbrae

A

adhesins

47
Q

causes incomplete lysis of rbc

A

alpha

48
Q

Inanimate object capable to be an intermediate in an indirect transmission of an infectious agent

A

Fomites

49
Q

deviation from a condition of good health and well being

A

disease

50
Q

microbes in g.i tract us destroyed by

A

HCL

51
Q

easiest and most frequently traveled portal of entry

A

respiratory tract

52
Q

Constantly present in a certain percentage of population

A

Endemic disease

53
Q

presence of infectious bacteria

A

bacteremia

54
Q

tissues below the skin

A

parenteral

55
Q

Outbreak that affects worldwide

A

Pandemic

56
Q

presence of infectious virus

A

viremia

57
Q

microorganisms that causes diseases

A

pathogens

58
Q

presence of infectious agent in the bloodstream

A

septicemia

59
Q

lodgement (a place which person/ object is located multiplication of microorganisms in the tissue of the host

A

infection

60
Q

found on cell surface & fimbrae of streptococci pyogens

A

M proteins

61
Q

breaksdown hyaluronic acid

A

hyaluronidase

62
Q

facilities the spread of large molecules and toxins

A

spreading factor

63
Q

breaks down collagen

A

collagenase

64
Q

bacterial infection cause by clostridium

A

gas gangrene, tetanus & botulism

65
Q

death tissue cells

A

necrotizing factor

66
Q

flesh eating bacteria

A

necrotizing factor

67
Q

destroys lecithin

A

lecithinase

68
Q

essential plasma membrane in human body

A

lecithin

69
Q

allowing pathogen to spread

A

lecithinase

70
Q

poisonous substance produced by microorganisms

A

toxins

71
Q

how many known bacterial toxins

A

220

72
Q

how many percent does disease by damaging the eukaryotic cell membrane

A

40%

73
Q

toxins of bloodstream

A

toxemia

74
Q

capacity of microorganisms to produce toxins

A

toxigenicity

75
Q

source of toxin

A

gram + & -

76
Q

toxin produced inside gram negative

A

exotoxin

77
Q

toxin that seen in gram positive

A

exotoxin

78
Q

toxin that located in plasmid and phages

A

exotoxin

79
Q

toxin that kill cells

A

cytotoxins

80
Q

toxin that interfere to the normal nerve impluse

A

neurotoxin

81
Q

first known as sausage disease

A

botulism

82
Q

result muscle paralysis

A

botulism

83
Q

inhibition of muscle relaxation

A

tetanus

84
Q

spasms or lock jaw

A

tetanospasmin

85
Q

toxins that effects cells of gastrointestinal tract (cholera)

A

enterotoxin

86
Q

toxin that part of the outer portion of the cell

A

endotoxin

87
Q

toxin that lipid portion of lipopolysaccharides

A

endotoxin

88
Q

organisms produce endotoxin

A

salmonella, pseudomonas,neisseria

89
Q

antibodies against the toxin

A

antitoxin

90
Q

A modified toxin by heat, chemical and radiation that lost toxicity

A

toxoid

91
Q

generalized stages of infection

A

1 incubation period
2 prodromal symptoms
3 invasive period
4 decline of infection
5 convalescence

92
Q

recovery period

A

covalenscence

93
Q

increasing the severity of symptoms

A

invasive period

94
Q

may spread to other sites

A

invasive period

95
Q

initial symptoms

A

prodromal symptoms

96
Q

exposure/contact with microbes

A

incubation period

97
Q

1st appearance of symptoms

A

incubation period

98
Q

asymptomatic period

A

incubation period

99
Q

symptoms begins to dissapear

A

decline of infection

100
Q
A
101
Q

person to person skin contact, airborne

A

direct mechanisms

102
Q

food, waterborne transmission or fomites

A

indirect mechanism

103
Q

an animal can transmit infectious agent to the human

A

animal vector

104
Q

physically transmitted but not incubate or grow in the anumal

A

mechanical animal vector

105
Q

infectious agent must incubate in the animal host

A

biological animal vector

106
Q

rapid progression w severe symptoms

A

acute infection

107
Q

delayed onset and slow progression of infection

A

chronic infection

108
Q

occurs in healthy individual

A

primary infection

109
Q

infected with a different pathogen

A

secondary infection

110
Q

infection in specific region of host

A

localized infection

111
Q

spread within the host body

A

systematic infection

microparasitology (7 decks)

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