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microparasitology > MOD 11 medically important pathogens > Flashcards

MOD 11 medically important pathogens Flashcards

1
Q

spore forming gram positive bacilli example

A

bacillus & clostridium

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2
Q

spore forming have a

A

endospore

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3
Q

anaerobic non-spore forming gram positive bacilli example

A

corneabacterium, listeria eeydipelothrix nocardia

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4
Q

gram positive cocci example

A

staphylococci streptococci enterococci

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5
Q

gram negative cocci example

A

neisseria, enterobaceriaceae

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6
Q

nonfermantative gram negative bacilli

A

pseudomonas acinetobacter stenotrophomonas burkholderia

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7
Q

gram negative bacilli example

A

vibrio helicobacter haemophilus pastuerella streptobacillus aeromonas

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8
Q

gram positive bacilli example

A

anthrax diphtheroid listeriosis

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9
Q

spherical shape of their cells slightly oval

gram positive staining (violet)

do not form endospore

A

gram positive cocci

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10
Q

enzyme that separates streptococci and staphylococci

A

catalase

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11
Q

break down of oxygen radical that can destroy microorganism also breakdown in non toxic form

A

catalase

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12
Q

present environment is clothing bed linens and other fomites

A

staphylococci and streptococci

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13
Q

also it spreads through contaminated objects and infected humans

A

staphylococci streptococci

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14
Q

accumulation of neutrophils and bacterial cells and fluid at the infection site

A

pyogenic infection

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15
Q

arranged in grabe like clusters

A

staphylococcus

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16
Q

genus that resistant to drying heat (withstand 50 C for 30 minutes) and 10% sodium choloride

A

staphylococci

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17
Q

able to tolerate 10% sodium chloride

A

osmotic pressure

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18
Q

causes pyogenic infection and septicemia

A

micriobiota

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19
Q

has 45 species

A

staphylococcus

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20
Q

most important staphylococcus

A

s. aureus s. epidermidis s. lugdunesis s. saprohyticus

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21
Q

has 45 species

A

staphylococcus

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22
Q

what staphylococcus is coagulase positive

A

s.aureus - major in human pathogen

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23
Q

normal human micriobiota and sometimes cause infection

A

(CoNS) coagulase-negative staphylococci

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24
Q

infection cause by epidermidis

A

75 % infection cause by (CoNS) coagulase-negative staphylococci

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25
Q

staphylococcus that cause urinary tract infection

A

S.saprophyticus

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26
Q

pathogen of UTI

A

E COLI IF ITS NOT SAPROPHYTICUS

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27
Q

dissolves fibrin clots

A

hyaluronidase

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28
Q

staphylococcal-related food poisoning g.i tract

A

enterotoxin

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29
Q

colonies are circular, smooth, shiny surface, color opaque (golden yellow)
easily isolated in blood agar because they lysins and they able to ferment mannitol salt agar

A

staphylococcus

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30
Q

a gram positive spherical bacteria that form pairs chains during growth

A

streptococci

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31
Q

all streptococci is a

A

gram positive except S. pneumoniae

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32
Q

its is a catalase negative

A

streptococci

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33
Q

catalase positive

A

staphylococci

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34
Q

hemolysins that antigenic, oxygen labile,
(destroy by oxygen) mainly produced by gas

A

streptolysin O

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35
Q

Hemolysins that nonantigenic and oxygen stable

A

streptolysin S

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36
Q

Who identified several distinct-hemolytic streptococcal groups
based on specific carbohydrate group antigens.

A

In 1933, Rebecca Lancefield

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37
Q

anti body generating

A

antibodies

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38
Q

toxic in your blood that trigger your body to fight

A

antigen

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39
Q

carbohydrate group of antigen

A

lancerfield

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40
Q

antigen that is present in the capsule of streptococci

A

lancerfield

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41
Q

distinguishes the type of antigen the is present in bacteria based on antibodies that it able to introduce

A

serological test

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42
Q

test that look for antibodies in your blood

A

serological

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43
Q

lancerfield antigen that present in streptococci cell wall

A

Group: A rhamnose N- acetylglucosamine

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44
Q

infection of group a: s.pyogens

A

throat infection

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45
Q

infection of group b: s.agalactiae

A

neonatal meningitis

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46
Q

infection of group: c-g s. dysgalactiae & s.equianginosus

A

nasopharyx also cause inflamation sinusitis pharyngitis

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47
Q

wala

A

wala

48
Q

lancerfield groupings is where

A

antigen in cell wall specifically capsule

49
Q

who classified the streptococcus into four physiologic division

A

James Sherman

50
Q

four physiologic division

A

pyogenic, viridans, lactic and enterococcus

51
Q

where did he based the division of physiologic

A

beta- hemolytic strains
lancerfield antigen
phenotype test

52
Q

physiologic division that composed of complete lysis and contains letter ABCEFG

A

pyogenic division (beta hemolytic strains)

53
Q

physiologic division that composed of complete lysis and contains ABCEFG

A

pyogenic division (beta hemolytic strains)

54
Q

composed of not beta hemolytic or incomplete lysis also not tolerant and can grow at a high pH

A

viridians division

55
Q

composed of salt tolerant and able to grow at high pH and temp range at 19 to 45 C

A

enterococcus division

56
Q

physiologic division that is not clinically significant

A

lactic division

57
Q

causes bacterial phyrgitis skin infection and skin invasion

A

s.pyogenes

58
Q

GAS that when we have cuts they will invade

A

s.pyogenes

59
Q

the portal of entry is in skin and lesion in the raised and red massive brawny edema sharply demarcated margin of infection

A

erysipelas

60
Q

a streptococcus pyogenes that considered not a normal flora

A

GAS- GROUP A STREPTOCOCCUS

61
Q

a streptococcus pyogenes that raised red massive brawny edema and sharply demarcated margin

A

erysipelas

62
Q

a streptococcus pyogenes that has infection in skin and subcutaneous tissue

A

cellulitis

63
Q

rapidly spreading necrosis of the skin

A

necrotizing fasciitis

64
Q

streptococci enters that uterus after delivery which is essentially a septicemia originating in the infected wound

A

puerperal fever

65
Q

infection of traumatic or surgical wounds with streptococci result in bacteremia

A

bacteremia or sepsis

66
Q

local infection of superficial layers of skin

A

streptococcal pyoderma

67
Q

chances to invade

A

invasion

68
Q

the infection is there it’s just become opportunistic

A

local infection

69
Q

honey collar crust

A

impetigo

70
Q

may be initiated by antigen— antibody complexes ok the glomerular basement membrane

A

glomerulonephritis

71
Q

it coats or bind the spike protein (neutralization)

A

antibodies

72
Q

a streptococcus pyogenes that is most serious sequela of s.pyogenes because it result in damage to heart to valves

A

rheumatic fever (respiratory tract)

73
Q

commonly preceded by infection of the skin

A

nephritis

74
Q

toxic in red & white blood cells subsurface hemolysin

A

streptolysin O

75
Q

oxygen stable surface hemolysin antiphagocytic; toxic to various human cell types

A

streptolysin S

76
Q

virulence invasion of soft tissue and necrotizing fasciitis fever alteration of blood brain barrier

A

streptococcal toxic shock syndrome

77
Q

virulence factor that fibrinolysin lyses the blood clot prevents fibrin barrier and allow spread of infection

A

streptokinase

78
Q

group of enyzme with nuclease activity

A

streptodornase

79
Q

mucoid strains present in capsule antiphagocytic

A

hyaluronic acid

80
Q

viridan streptococci that produces enzyme also present in teeth, thus playing a role in dental caries

A

s. mutans

81
Q

viridans streptococci that has normal inhabitants of upper respiratory tract

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

82
Q

It is a gram positive catalase negative & oval shaped pairs or short chains

A

enterococci

83
Q

has a 47 species

A

enterococci

84
Q

type of enterococcus that causes 80-90% of human infection

A

enterococcus faecalis

85
Q

one of the enterococcus infection that cause 5-10%

A

enterococcus faecium

86
Q

what is the 3 types of antigenic determinant

A

150 O lipopolysaccharide antigen
100 K capsular antigen
50 H flagellar antigen

87
Q

diarrhea of infants

A

enteropathogenic e.coli

88
Q

travel diarrhea that occurs on children below 5 y/o

A

enterotoxegenic e.coli

89
Q

where does the travelers diarrhea infection came from

A

waterborne and food borne

90
Q

it is due to the cytotoxic toxin they produce assisted with hemorrhagic colitis ( severe form of diarrhea)

A

shiga toxin producing

91
Q

invade epithelial cells of the large intestine and can lead to blood and mucus stool

A

enteroinvasive e.coli

92
Q

causes acute and chronic diarrhea

A

enteroagregative e coli

93
Q

they are able to adhere to particular laboratory- cultured cells in aggregative or stacked brick

A

enteroggregative E.coli

94
Q

what is EAST

A

enteroaggregative heat stable enterotoxin

95
Q

e.coli can cause

A

sepsis and meningitis

96
Q

what is mengitis

A

brain inflammation

97
Q

species of klebsiella spp

A

k.pneumoniae & k oxytoca

98
Q

present in nasopharynx and feces

A

klebsiella

99
Q

most frequently isolated serratia

A

SERRATIA MERCESCENS

100
Q

common opportunistic pathogens

A

serratia

101
Q

a normal member of microbiota

A

providencia

102
Q

what infection is highly communicable that can infect even just 10

A

shigella

103
Q

two species of salmonella

A

salmonella eterica and salmonella bongori

104
Q

refers to the specific serotype that cause typhoid

A

typhoidal salmonella

105
Q

refers to all other serotypes

A

non typhoidal salmonella

106
Q

most common serotypes

A

enteritis and typhimurium

107
Q

agent of the sexual transmitted disease

A

n gonorrhoeae

108
Q

carried normal flow in the throat but important pathogens causes bacterial meningitis

A

n. meningitidis

109
Q

ophthalmia neonatorum

A

extra-genital infection

110
Q

motile rod shape about 0.6 x 2 gram negative single bacteria short chains

A

pseudomonas

111
Q

mode of transmission of anthrax

A

inhalation infected food or drink

112
Q

mode of transmission of whooping cough (perustussis)

A

by droplet inly cilliated cells of the respiratoty mucosa

113
Q

spread from person to person and contact with infected vomit stool or saliva

A

peptic ulcer

114
Q

mode of transmission syphilis

A

sexual contact

115
Q

mode of transmission of tuberculosis

A

person to person through air

116
Q

causative agent of peptic ulcer

A

helicobacter pylori

117
Q

causative agent of syphilis

A

trepanema pallidum

microparasitology (7 decks)

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