Mod 5 lesson 3

Question 1

Boiling point:

Answer 1

Boiling point: the temperature at which a substance turns into a gas or vapor

Question 2

Condensation

Answer 2

Condensation: a change of state when matter turns from a gas to a liquid

Question 3

Conduction

Answer 3

Conduction: heat transfer from one object to another through touch that occurs in solids

Question 4

Conductors

Answer 4

Conductors: substances that are good at allowing thermal energy to transfer easily from one particle to the next

Question 5

Electromagnetic waves:

Answer 5

Electromagnetic waves: energy that travels in waves from a single source and includes all the types of energy on the electromagnetic spectrum

Question 6

Evaporation

Answer 6

Evaporation: a change of state when matter turns from a liquid to a gas at a slower rate than vaporization

Question 7

Freezing point:

Answer 7

Freezing point: the temperature at which a substance turns into a solid

Question 8

Insulators

Answer 8

Insulators: substances that are not good at allowing thermal energy to transfer from one particle to the next

Question 9

Matter

Answer 9

Matter: anything that has mass and takes up space

Question 10

Melting point:

Answer 10

Melting point: the temperature at which a substance turns from a solid to a liquid

Question 11

Phases of matter:

Answer 11

Phases of matter: the states in which matter can exist: solid, liquid, and gas

Question 12

Radiation

Answer 12

Radiation: heat transfer through electromagnetic waves

Question 13

States of matter:

Answer 13

States of matter: the phases in which matter can exist: solid, liquid, and gas

Question 14

Sublimation

Answer 14

Sublimation: a change of state when matter turns directly from a solid to a gas without changing to a liquid first

Question 15

Temperature

Answer 15

Temperature: a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance

Question 16

Vaporization:

Answer 16

Vaporization: a change of state when matter turns from a liquid to a gas

Question 17

What are the three states of matter?

Answer 17

Solid
Liquid
gas

(plasma is a recently discovered phase. similar to gases in that they have no definite shape or volume, but the atoms behave differently. In plasmas, the particles carry electrical currents and exist at high temperatures.)

Question 18

What are the characteristics of Solids

Answer 18

Particles are held firmly in place in a regular pattern and vibrate in position.

Question 19

What are the characteristics of Liquids

Answer 19

Random arrangement of particles that move around each other to take the shape of their container.

Question 20

What are the characteristics of Gases

Answer 20

Random arrangement of particles that move quickly in all directions.

Question 21

When the temperature of a substance moves below its _______, it becomes a solid. As the temperature moves above its boiling point, it _____into a gas.

Answer 21

freezing point

vaporizes

Question 22

As we add thermal energy to a substance, what happens to the particle movement in a substance?

Answer 22

As we add thermal energy, the particles expand, moving away from each other. They gain energy and move faster. This causes a change of phase from a solid to a liquid to a gas.

Question 23

As we remove thermal energy, what happens to the particle movement in a substance?

Answer 23

As we remove thermal energy, the particles contract, moving toward each other. They lose energy and move slower. This causes a change of phase from a gas to a liquid to a solid.

Question 24

Someone snuck into the lab and mixed up our thermal energy transfer examples. We need your help getting them back into the correct location. Think about which example goes into the correct category.

Sunburn
Walking on hot sand
Egg frying in a pan
Microwave oven
Hot air balloon
Water boiling

Conduction
Convection
Radiation

Answer 24

Conduction
Egg frying in a pan
Walking on hot sand

Convection
Water boiling
Hot air balloon

Radiation
Sunburn
Microwave oven

Question 25

Example of conductor or insulator? Pennies are made with copper. Copper is a metal that allows the transfer of thermal energy. Copper is also used in wiring as it is also a good conductor of electricity.

Answer 25

Conductors

Question 26

Example of conductor or insulator? Cardboard is made of wood fibers with layers of air between them. The trapped air does not circulate well, decreasing the flow of thermal energy.

Answer 26

Insulators

Question 27

Example of conductor or insulator? Paperclips are made of metal alloys. Metals allow thermal energy to move from one particle to the next very easily.

Answer 27

Conductors

Question 28

Example of conductor or insulator? Coolers are commonly made of plastic and Styrofoam. Both of these materials decrease the flow of thermal energy to help your sandwiches stay fresh and your water cold!

Answer 28

Insulators

Question 29

Example of conductor or insulator? Baking pans are made of aluminum or stainless steel. These metals allow the thermal energy from the oven to transfer efficiently into the metal sheet to cook your food evenly.

Answer 29

Conductors

Question 30

Example of conductor or insulator? Oven mitts are made of cloth. Cloth is a good insulator because it has air trapped between the small gaps of the woven fibers. Air slows the transfer of thermal energy while the cloth protects your hand as you are retrieving cookies from the oven.

Answer 30

Insulators

Question 31

Adding thermal energy to or removing it from a substance causes a change of phase. Not all matter reacts the same way when heat is applied or removed. Some materials have stronger bonds between the particles, and it takes more _____ to cause a change of state.

Answer 31

energy