Mod 5 Flashcards
Cooperative process that includes social interaction
Learning
refer to methods use to help students learn the desired course consens and be able to develop achievable goals
Teaching strategies
teacher is the one who imports knowledge to students through lecture -direct instruction -use audio visuals -lectures, discs, recit -teachers are sole suppliers of info -eye contact -direct simple q's discussion starter
Traditional Lecture Method
TLS can be done by:
- lecture
- disc
- Q’s
- Using audiovisuals
most effective tool for teaching and learning,; efficient means of intorducing learners to new topics; stimulates student’s interests; integrate and synthesize knowledge from sources.
Lecturing
Lecturing Advantages:
- Economical
- can supplement textbook by enhancing a topic
- Help students develop listening abilities
Disadvantages of Lecturing:
- learners passive role
- unable to develop problemsolving, analytical skills
- Not conducive to meet student’s
- limited attention span
3 types of lecture:
- traditional oral-essay
- participatory
- Feedback
- Mediated lecture
type of lecture where teacher is orator and the only speaker
Traditional oralessay
Lecture with uncompleeted hand outs
Participatory lecture
type of lecture contains a 10 minute small group disc; enhance learning and memory recall
Feedback lecture
type of lecture using media, films, slides
Mediated lecture
opene ended collaborative, exchange of ideas among students and teachers to enhance critical thinking
Discussion
2 types of disc:
formal
informal
type of disc where topic is announced in advance and class is asked to prepare and take part in disc
Formal
type of disc that comprise spontaneously at any point during class and at the end of lec
Informal disc
Purposes and advantages of disc:
- allows learners to apply principles, concepts and theories and transfer it to situations
- clarify info
- learn prob solving
- Attitudes can be change during disc
Disadvantages of disc:
- time consuming
- effective in small groups
- few people monoppolizing the disc
- valuable only if participants are prepared
Discussion techniques:
- Expectations clear
- Ground rules
- Arrange physical space
- Plan a dis starter
- Facilitate, do not discuss
- encourage quiet group members
Type of strategy to help students formulate questions, to help learners comprehension about the topic; learners in active role, motivate to learn
Questioning
Levels of Questioning:
CONVERGENT
DIVERGENT
Levels of Questioning:
CONVERGENT
DIVERGENT
LOW ORDER
HIGHORDER
A level of questioning that require learner to recall or integrate info; specific, short and expected answers
Convergent
a level of questioning that ask the learner to generate new ideas, draw implications; NO single correct answer; higher level of cognitive activity
Divergent
A level of q that require learner to recall info they have memorized
Low order Q’s
A level of q that requires more than a recall, learners should comprehened critically about the info
High order q’s
TYPES of Q’s:
FACTUAL PROBING MULTIPLE CHOICE OPEN ENDED DISCUSSION_STIMULATING Q's THAT GUIDE PROB SOLVING RHETORICAL Q'S
type of q that demands simple recall ans.; asses learner’s understanding or to see if they’re paying attention
Factual Q’s
type of question that requires more detailed answer
Probing questions
types of probing q’s:
Extension- expound Clarification- details to understand Justification- learner prove answer Prompting- lead learner to right path Redirection- q's for q's
a type of q that can be oral or written, and have one right nswer among options
Multiple choice
a type of q that encompasses all questions that require learners to construct an answer
Open ended q’s
A type of q that triggers a disc
Discussion-stimulating
A type of q that are asked without expected answer; used to emphasize a point
Rhetorical
a teaching strategy that Greatly enhance teaching and can add interest and stimulation to the classroom
audio visuals
these can be used to communicate facts and concepts, time saving, used for reviewing, ensures learners accessing same info
Hand outs
These are used to solve mathematical problems,
Chalk board
These are used to show pictures and execute realism
Slides
These can be freeze and framed according to needs
Video tapes
Type of teaching strategy that requires learners to do more than just listening; storing knowleedge for themselves
Activity based teaching strategies
ABTS can be done by:
- cooperative learning
- Simulations
- Problem based’
- Self learning modules
involves small groups of learners working together in achieving shared learning goals
Cooperative learning
TYPES OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING:
Formal groups- useful in academic
Informal- usedin any setting
Base groups- share experiences, orientation
Advantages of cooperative learning:
-learn to function as a team
-working atany length and time
-help adress individuals learning needs/styles
critical thinking promoted
form experiential learning where it is the application of theories and principles to learn the real world; controlled representations of reality; learners engage in to learn about the real world without the risks of the real world
Simulations
interactive exercise that tests the capability of org to respond to a simulation; a controlled representation of a piece of reality that learners can manipulate to better understand the corresponding real situation
Simulation exercise
a game that represents real life situations in which learners compete
Simulation game
A form of drama in which learners spontaneously act out roles in an interaction involving problems
Role-playing
Analysis if an incident or situation in which characters and relationships are described, factual or hypo thetical events
Case study
psychomotor and clinical skills
solve problems
Simulation exercise
factual info
interaction among learners
-apply problem solving methods
Simulation games
Three facets:
Planning
Facilitating
Debriefing
A facet that pilot hte stimulation before using in classroom
Planning
A facet that is done at actual stimulation
Facilitating
a facet that is the Final disc
Debriefing
Student centered approach in which studdents are formed in small groups to solve a problem; confronting students with real life probs;
Problem based learning
Self-directing,paced,packets, individualized.; a self contained unit or package of study materials for use by an indiv
Self learning modules
Components of self-learning modules:
intorduction and instructions behavioral objectives Pre-test Learning acts -Self-eval Post-test
a teaching strategy wherein a computer is used to deliver and present instructional material
Computer-assisted Instruction
CAI components:
Drill and practice Tutorials Games Simulations Multimedia presentations
- simplest level of CAI
- student already learned certain info
Drill and practice
CAI that is Giving hints to students if the student is stuck in aprob; done by presenting info asking q’s;
Tutorials
CAI that comprises board games ,card, trivias
GAMES
CAI’s exciting form, solve clinical problems and make sound decisions; no danger to patient
Simulations
AKA HYPERMEDIA; may incorporate text, sound tracts, graphicsm still photos, animations
Multimedia presentations
Criteria for evaluating computer assisted instruction software:
Accuracy Ease of use Design Appearance Feedback Cost effectiveness
A computer based program that allow teachers to use computers to manage, prepare, organize and evaluate educational experiences; asses students using computers
Computer managed instruction
Famoues example ofCMI;
Internet
provide greater colaboaration; source of peer suppors; means for patients to ask for refferals
a group of people who have similar interests and want to share infp and experiences
Listservs
Similar to listservs; online discussion; online support groups
News groups
collection of millions of docs; used when info that is req is not on textbook
World wide WEB
A computer based simulated 3 dimensional environment interacting with virtual world, invasive procedures practices; practice complex and dangerous skills
Virtual reality
AKA distributed learning; form of remote education that occurs when student are not physically present; began over 150 yrs ago; home study web based courses
Distance learning
contains a teaching podium with the control panel for cameras and monitors… VCR attached to front monitors; each student have mic or control pad
Interactive Television (ITV)
expensive to build, equip and operate
ITV CLASSROOM
Instructor using ITC should be:
- know basic details
- Solid color transmit the best, teacher should avoid very dark or light colors
- Shiny jewelry should be avoided
to prevent alienation:
Listserv
ITV technology
Video systems
most normal interaction because the teacher and learner can see or hear each other
ITV technology
allow everyone involved to see the body language and facial expressions and interactions bet others
Video systems
appears to increase as more experience is gained with telecommunications classes
Satisfaction
include a sense of isolation in remote site students and tech problems
Dissatisfaction
happens in real time
Synchronous
can access materials take assessments
Asynchronous
Synch advantages:
- mimic normal convo
- Disc takes place real time
- Can involve prof guests
Synch Disadvantages:
All learners must be available at the same time
-Disc progresses quickly
Slow typists may not participate
