Mod 4 Respiratory emergencies

Question 1

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Answer 1

• Progressively makes it hard to breathe. Blackening of the lungs.
• Common in Middle age or older.
• Common cause from smoking.
• Bronchiole lining inflamed and excess mucus.

Question 2

Asthma

Answer 2

• Affects at irregular intervals.
• Airway swells produces excess mucus.
• Causes include insect stings, air pollution, infection, strenous exercise, emotional stress.

Question 3

Pulmonary Edema

Answer 3

• Abnormal Accumulation of fluid in alveoli of lungs.
• Occurs when left side of heart is damaged.
• laying down= Fluid moves back into circulation.
• Administer O2 via CPAP.

Question 4

Congestive Heart Failure

Answer 4

• Excessive fluid build up in the lungs due to inadequate pumping of the heart.
• Causes are from diseased heart values, Hypertension, obstructive pulmonary disease (Emphysema).

Question 5

Pneumonia

Answer 5

• Caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi infecting the lungs.
• Signs and Symptoms include coughing, fever, chest pains, severe chills.
• Use CPAP

Question 6

Spontaneous Pnemothorax

Answer 6

• Collapsed lung
• Sharp, pleuritic chest pain
• Tire easily
• Tachycardic
• Breathe fast
• Low oxygen saturation
• Cyanosis
• Administer O2 via CPAP.
• Common in tall thin people or smokers.

Question 7

Pulmonary Embolism

Answer 7

• Blood clot, air, or fat in artery in the lungs

- Chest pains, shortness of breath, anxiety, cough, sweaty, pale, cyanotic skin.

Question 8

Epiglottitis

Answer 8

• Infection that swells around or above the epiglottis.
• Sore throat, difficulty swallowing, stridor.
• Administer high concentration oxygen.

Question 9

Cystic Fibrosis

Answer 9

• Causes thick sticky mucus in lungs.
• Genetic
• Appears in childhood
• Coughing large amounts of mucus or blood, Fatigue, abdominal pain and distension, nausea, weight loss.

Question 10

Small Volume Nebulizer

Answer 10

• Produces a continuous flow of aerosolized medication that can be taken in during multiple breaths.
• Can cause increased heart rate, jitters, nervousness.

Question 11

CPAP (Continuous positive airway pressure)

Answer 11

-Device blows oxygen continuously into a mask at low pressure providing positive pressure.

Question 12

Inadequate VS adequate breathing

Answer 12

• Inadequate breathing is not sufficient to supporting life.

- Adequate breathing for adults 12-20 per min, child 15-30 per min, infant 25-50 per min.

Question 13

Signs or respiratory problems in pediatrics

Answer 13

-Wheezing, Stridor, Grunting, Increased breathing, Nasal flaring, Pale or cyanotic lips or mouth.

Question 14

Abnormal lung sounds

Answer 14

-Wheezes, Crackles, Rhonchi, Stridor

Question 15

Deep vein thrombus (DVT)

Answer 15

-Blood clot that starts in leg or pelvis.

Question 16

Inspiration VS Experation

Answer 16

• Inspiration is an active process where chest rises causing air flow to lungs. Causing a negative pressure (Inhalation)
• Expiration is a passive process that allows chest to relax (Exhalation)