Mod 4 Cardiac Emergencies Flashcards
Acute Coronary Syndrome
-Sometimes known as cardiac compromise.
-A blanket term
that refers to anytime the heart is not getting enough oxygen.
Tachycardia
-A pulse rate faster than 100 beats per minute.
Bradycardia
-A pulse rate slower than 60 beats per minute.
Hypotensive
-Systolic blood pressure less than 90
Hypertensive
-Systolic blood pressure greater than 140 or diastolic blood pressure greater than 90.
Acute coronary syndrome signs and symptoms
- Pain, Pressure, or discomfort in the chest or upper abdomen (Epigastrium)
- Difficulty breathing
- Palpitations
- Onset of nausea, vomiting, or sweating
- Anxiety (feeling of impending doom)
- Weakness
- Abnormal pulse
- Abnormal blood pressure
When to give a repeat dose of nitroglycerin
- Patient experiences no or partial relief
- Systolic pressure remains greater than 90 to 100.
- Medical direction requires additional dosage.
When to give a patient asprin
- Has no history of asthma
- Not already taking medications that prevent clotting of the blood.
- No contraindications to asprin.
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
- When coronary arteries become narrowed or blocked.
- Build up of fatty on artery inner walls.
- There are things that can be done to prevent CAD.
- Change in diet, stop smoking, weight loss to lower blood pressure.
Myocardiam
Heart muscles
Aneurysm
- The dilation, or ballooning, of a weakened section of the wall of an artery
- Artery can burst causing rapid life threatening internal bleeding.
- Common sites are in the aorta and brain.
Occlusion
-Blockage, as an artery, by fatty deposits.
Thrombus
-A clot formed of blood and plaque attached to inner artery or vein wall.
Embolism
-Blockage of a vessel by a clot or foreign material brought by blood current.
Dysrhythmia
- A disturbance in the heart rate and rhythm.
- An electrical malfunction of the heart can result in dysrhythmia.
