Mod 1 - Class Points

Question 1

Intervertebral disk are softer than

Answer 1

Fibrocartilage

Question 2

Hyaline cartilage is everywhere while ______ in intervertebral disk

Answer 2

Fibrocartilage

Question 3

Gravity compresses intervertebral disk by ___ and why?

Answer 3

1 inch

Loss of water in day

Question 4

Intervertebral disk length % of vertebral column

Answer 4

20-25% or 1/4

Question 5

2 types of ossification

Answer 5

1. Intermembrane ossification

2. Enchondral ossification

Question 6

Osteoblasts

Answer 6

Bone forming cells

Won’t produce in low gravity

Question 7

Osteoclasts

Answer 7

Bone eating cells

Production not impacted by gravity(astronauts lose boss density)

Question 8

Bone remodeling

Answer 8

Osteoblasts and osteoclasts create and remove bone daily

Question 9

Scoliosis

Answer 9

Can be seen from front view

Question 10

Primary curvatures

Answer 10

Born with thoracic and sacral curvatures

Kyphotic curves

Question 11

Secondary curvatures

Answer 11

Cervical - at 3 months

Lumbar - at 9-10 months

Lordotic curves

Question 12

Lordotic curve

Answer 12

Curves towards the front(belly forward)

Question 13

Kyphotic curve

Answer 13

Curves toward the back(belly back)

Question 14

Lordotic and kyphotic curves are

Answer 14

Pathological conditions

Question 15

Spinal cord is in

Answer 15

The vertebral foramen

Question 16

condense spinal cord

Answer 16

more condensed the lower down the spine

Question 17

where does the spinal cord terminate?

Answer 17

Conus medullaris

L1

Question 18

Zygapophysial joint are where?

Answer 18

on the articular facets and make the joint between two vertebrae

Question 19

CSF

Answer 19

cerebral spinal fluid

Question 20

Termination of spinal cord in newborns

Answer 20

L3

Question 21

Termination of spinal cord in adults

Answer 21

L1

growth of vertebrae is faster than the spinal cord

Question 22

Puncture point to pull CSF

Answer 22

L1

where spinal cord terminates

Question 23

Extension of the duramatter is

Answer 23

S2

Question 24

Spinal cord length

Answer 24

C1 to L1

Question 25

Cauda equina contains the

Answer 25

terminal filum(filum terminale)

Question 26

the pinkish part of the cord(sub arachnoid space) contains

Answer 26

the CSF(cerebral spinal fluid)

Question 27

8th day of life

Answer 27

Bilaminar disk is formed

Question 28

18th day of life

Answer 28

Notochord gives signal to form neural groove

start of nervous system

Question 29

Neural tube forms

Answer 29

brain

spinal cord

Question 30

hole at the top of the neural tube is

Answer 30

the cranial neuropore

Question 31

hole at the bottom of the neural tube is

Answer 31

the caudal neuropore

Question 32

24th day of life

Answer 32

cranial neuropore should close

Question 33

26th day of life

Answer 33

caudal neuropore should close

Question 34

Time it takes to form nervous system

Answer 34

Day 18 - Day 26

one week to form

Question 35

Anencephaly

Answer 35

If cranial neuropore does not close then

the baby is born without a head

Question 36

Spina Bifida

Answer 36

if caudal neuropore does not close then hole on the back

Question 37

Spina Bifida types

Answer 37

meningocele

myelomeningoole

spina bifida occulta(coarse hair at site of problem but less severe)

Question 38

Nucleus puposus

Answer 38

remnant of the notochord is found within

Question 39

If the vertebral arch stays open then

Answer 39

there is a bulge out

Question 40

Exoderm forms

Answer 40

the nervous system and skin

Question 41

endoderm forms

Answer 41

internal structures and organs

Question 42

mesoderm forms

Answer 42

bones

ex: vertebrae